北京英语导游词【精彩10篇】
北京，历史悠久与现代交融之地，名胜古迹众多，故宫、长城、天坛等璀璨瑰宝，展现中华文化的辉煌与魅力。下面是勤劳的小编为大家分享的北京英语导游词范例，欢迎借鉴参考。
英文的北京导游词 篇1
Beijing AnDingMen article in guozijian street, also known as cheng Yin street. The street is a total of four original're building a type of coloured drawing or pattern, in the qing dynasty is the arched most preserved street in Beijing. Locust trees on both side of the street, blotting out the sun shade, sophora japonica fragrance. Beijing Confucian temple is situated at the eastern end of the street.
Confucius temple is sacrifice famous thinker, educator, Confucius temple world culture celebrities, has a long history.
Beijing Confucian temple was built in the yuan, a teacher for six years (1302 AD)， yuan, a teacher for ten years (1306 AD) built, begun to take shape. Ming jiajing nine years (1530 AD) built the footprints temple, dedicated to Confucius five generations of ancestors. Qing guangxu thirty-two years (1906 AD) the expansion of the dacheng hall, Confucius into today's scale. The entire Confucius temple watching comprises three courtyards, covers an area of about 220xx square meters, the main body construction along the central axis, bilateral symmetry of the traditional Chinese architectural layout. In the long history of more than 700 years, it became a yuan, Ming and qing three generations of rulers Kong Chongru, promoting education, the main context of the holy land, has become many aim at of intellectuals worship hall of fame. This group is old than the imperial palace imperial buildings concentrated the essence of Confucian culture in one thousand, frozen for a period of hundreds of years of imperial examination. In a hall with high ceiling of the chung chi towering cooper, stone forest, Confucius temple, from the noise of the city, touch the pulse of the history, culture, with quiet indifferent heart to feel an extensive and profound Chinese traditional culture, it is a activity.
Main building of Beijing temple of Confucius is covered with yellow glazed tiles, is the highest building in the feudal society regulation. The Confucius temple building scientific layout, scale, highlights the royal style.
Past the door (also called lingxingmeng door) is the Confucius temple gate, width between three and seven deep purlin, single eaves jehiel the top of the hill, basically retained the architectural style of yuan dynasty, past the door on both sides of the connection in the outer wall of the temple, is a city gate. Enter the past the door, right against the face is dacheng door.
Dacheng door was established in the yuan dynasty, rebuilt in the qing dynasty, the width between five and nine purlin, deep single eaves jehiel the top of the mountain. The entire building is located on the tall brick stylobate, embossed on the royal standing in the way of high sea dragon pattern, wulong play bead, lifelike. Dacheng in front of the corridor on both sides by 10 shek kwu, each raised from stone carving a poem in ancient safari. This is when the qing qianlong imitation of the 8th century BC Zhou Xuan Georgian stone relics of print, resembles that of words and profound poetic only knowledgeable Confucius was able to fully understand. First into the courtyard of the former arranges various matters, that is the emperor, the east of the slaughter pavilion, well pavilions, kitchen god, the dishes that look, that is used to slaughter, cleaning and cooking. On both sides of the library, lent by god for offering Kong Liqi store and prepare offerings.
The second into the courtyard is the center of the Confucius temple courtyard, every time, for the Confucius memorial ceremony here then bell and drum everywhere, deriving euphoria, ceremonial majesty. Dacheng hall is the second into the main architecture of the courtyard, has also been the center of the whole Confucian temple architecture, is the most sacred temple in the Confucius temple. Dacheng hall built Yu Dade six years (AD 1302)， was destroyed by fire, after the Ming yongle nine years (AD 1411) reconstruction, the qing guangxu thirty-two years (1906 AD) to the temple from 7 to 9. Inside the brics floor, inside the top group longjing mouth smallpox, their level of regulation is the tallest building in feudalism society of China, comparable to the palace hall of supreme harmony. "Dacheng temple consecrate Confucius holy king wen xuan" who're, as both sides have obtain "four with twelve zhe" memorial tablet. A god lead the case on set, respect, jue, You, Bian, beans and other phenomena are qing qianlong drive makes the real thing. Inside and outside the hall hangs 9 to xuantong emperor of the qing emperor kangxi imperial tablets, all is the emperor of the book probes into four words of Confucius, is precious cultural relics.
The third into the yard's most distinctive, Confucius temple is composed of the footprints door, temple worship and things peidian peidian independent complete compound, and the former binary compound segmentation significantly and natural transition, reflects the ancients, the clever conception on the ministry of construction bureau. This group of buildings called the footprints temple, is the home of the five generations of ancestors worship Confucius temple. Building the Ming jiajing nine years (AD 1530)， the qing qianlong emperor two years (AD 1737) rebuilt, green glazed tile roof instead of the gray tiles and roof. Chung temple, also known as the five dynasties shrine, width between five and seven deep purlin, before the house has a wide platform, the platform built on three sides with step every tenth level. Temple consecrate Confucius memorial tablet of five generations of ancestors and obtain YanHui, hole Ji, who, mencius memorial tablet of the father of the four ancient Chinese philosophers. Things peidian peidian, located in masonry stylobate, width between three and five deep purlin, single eaves the hanging, in cheng, cheng hao finds brother, zhang zai, Cai Shen, zhou dunyi, zhu six Confucianism, the father of the first.
Watching comprises three courtyards and buildings with clear level difference and function division, harmony to form a whole set of royal sacrificial architecture community, is a prominent representative of Chinese ancient architecture.
Confucius temple after 700 years of history culture, precious cultural relics of a legacy, become a important historical research of ancient Chinese imperial examinations and Confucius Confucianism and in-kind.
In Confucius temple first into the yard on both sides of the imperial way is divided into four parts with 198 tall title jinshi stone, three of the yuan dynasty, the Ming dynasty, 77, 118 in the qing dynasty. The title jinshi stone engraved on the yuan, Ming and qing three generations of names, native places, imperial jinshi in all the subjects, a total of 51624 people. In numerous jinshi we know celebrities such as Ming dynasty etiquette of zhang juzheng, patriotic star Yu Qian, Yuan Chonghuan, scientists present YanSong rape, to learn in the qing dynasty outstanding yu ji xiaolan, liu2 yong and modern celebrity Liu Chunlin, shen junru and so on. Shuttle in the time span for hundreds of years in the forest of steles, stroke want mottled itself, look up at BeiMian has been vague on the handwriting, not let a person a "jiangshan generation have fell out, all the excellences for hundreds of years"。
Between the Confucian temple and guozijian ancient royal (university) in the way, there is a made up of 189 large stone forest of steles. Stone carving with Confucian classics: zhouyi, "history"， the "book of songs"， "rites" and "yili"， "rites"， "spring and autumn zuo zhuan, the biography of the spring and autumn period and the ram," the spring and autumn GuLiang biography "， the analects of Confucius, "xiao"， "mencius"， "er ya"。 This writing is the blueprint of yongzheng years jiangsu jintan gongsheng Jiang Heng lasted 12 years and calligraphy. Fifty-six years of qianlong (1791 AD) burring on the monkey made a. All writing a total of more than 630000 words, large scale, our method is good, the accuracy of the content and the seal of fine degrees are better than that of xi 'an "writing"， and in terms of scale is the second largest after xi 'an forest of steles forest of steles. Ho-shen, wangjie legend emperor qianlong emperor nominees for President, Peng Yuanrui, liu2 yong as vice-president to textual research. Peng Yuanrui rare books in the song thirteen classics HeDing Jiang Heng calligraphy by the draft, and the popular form of characters to the old style, make the text more complete specification, ancient meaning, highly praised by emperor qian long, were given taizi Pacific title. This makes ho-shen envy is special, of rights in one's hand he ordered overnight to stone tablets to mend all the old style. Until after the collapse of the declaration and archaic handwriting to repair again, there are pieces of dig on BeiMian traces.
On the west side of central courtyard okimichi have seen through. Composed of green petals Wells, stone well. Because is located on the waterline okm, stable door area, the well water often overflow to the mouth of the well, water quality pure palate, legend has it the highest for people after greeting Confucius after all want to drink the water in the well, it is said that after drinking can be inspired, flair, write a good article. With well water ink, 4 excessive, write the word mo xiang pen smoothly. So the qianlong emperor "name inkstone lake. Although now borehole water level is low, there is no one to drink, but the name of the well refined atmosphere and moving legends, added a bit of Confucius literary grace.
北京英文导游词 篇2
Armies of passengers, everyone! Welcome to visit the Summer Palace, I am a small lead decorous wen, please we care a lot! Ok, I'll tell you something about knowledge about the Summer Palace!
The Summer Palace, is China's largest and best-preserved imperial garden existing, is one of China's four big gardens, known as the royal garden museum. The other three gardens as: chengde summer resort, suzhou the humble administrator's garden, and the lingering garden in suzhou. The Summer Palace was built in 1750, built in 1764, the 14 years, built out of the plane or on the surface of the object is about 290 hectares of the Summer Palace.
Now we enter the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is a beautiful big park, around the hall, came to the famous promenade. The aisle has more than 700 meters long, divided into 273. You look up, each cross sill have colorful paintings, painted figures, flowers and plants, landscape. Thousands of picture is not that is the same. Look at both sides, both sides gallery, filled with flowers and trees, a phuong haven't flowers, that a phuong flowers opened again.
Armies of passengers, covered corridor, a mountain emerge in front of us, the mountain is called longevity hill, 58. 59 meters, halfway up the hill, a triangular pyramid three house building stands in there, that is the Buddha nasal pavilion. The rows of resplendent and magnificent palace, under the row is cloud temple.
On the mountainside of the longevity hill, the Summer Palace landscape in half closed, are the quiet like a mirror in front, green, like a jasper lake is kunming lake, it accounted for three-quarters of the dominated.
Coming down from the longevity hill, the kunming lake. Lake center has a small island, the tips of the trees, we want to the island by a stone bridge, there are seventeen little tunnel in this stone, so called ten 7 bridge. We look at both sides, bridge railing on hundreds of pillar, pillar are engraved a little lion. A lion also have different attitude, no two are the same.
Armies of passengers, today's trip to the Summer Palace is almost over, I hope you have fun!
北京英文导游词 篇3
The tour will take 4-6 hours. The route is as follows:
Out side the East Gate-side the East Gate –in front of the Hall of benevolence and Longevity- in front of Garden of Virtuous Harmony-in front of the Grand Theater Building- a lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall o Jade Ripples- in front of the o Jade Ripples- in front of the Yiyunguan （Chamber of Mortal Being)-Hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the Yaoyue (Chamber of Mortal Beings)-Hall of Happiness and Longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon ） Gate of the Long Corridor- strolling along the Long Corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- atop the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest –outside the south gate to Suzhou Shopping Street- atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.
(Out side the east gate)
Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer Palace. (After the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you 。
During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.
The construction of the Summer Palace first started in 1750. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories. The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong. With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements. In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness) by Angol-French allied forces. In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace)。 Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.
This is the main entrance to the Summer Palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” ， whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu. The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. All others used the side doors.
(Inside the East Gate)
the Summer Palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake 。The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers 。This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. The layout of the Summer Palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters. Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters. The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.
This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters. The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu Province and placed here to decorated the garden.
On the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as Qilin or Xuanni 。 It was said to the one of the nine sons of Dragon King. A point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique skin. IT was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and prosperity.
This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It was built in 1750 ， and was known as the Hall of Industrious Government. Emperor Qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after them 。 After the rebuilding of the Summer Palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long lives.
The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. In the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful designs. In the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking dragons. On either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of Luduan, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent fire. The small chambers on eight side were where the Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi rested and met officials on formal occasions.
On the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major occasions. They are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their backs. Also on the veranda are Tai Ping (Peace) bronze water vats made during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. As a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.
(At the entrance of Garden of Virtuous Harmony)
we are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Beijing Opera performances. IT mainly consists of the Dressing House, The Grand Theater Building and the Hall of pleasure smiles. The grand Theater Building known as the “Cradle of Beijing Opera” was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. On September 10, 1984, the Garden of Virtuous Harmony opened its doors to visitors. There are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here. The staff here put up court dresses of Qing Dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.
(In front of the Grand Theater Building)
this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and stages. All of the stages are connected to a raise ，and a winch is installed at the top. A well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground stage. There are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to surface. The underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more audible 。Of the three main theater building of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and the largest. The other two are Changyin （Fluent Voice ） Pavilion in Chengde, an imperial summer resort. The building played a major part in fostering the birth and development of Beijing opera: since the completion of the Grand Theater Building, many performances were held in it in honor of the Empress Dowager Cixi.
(A lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall of Jade Ripples)
we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall of Benevolent and longevity. It appears that there` s nothing special ahead. However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake. This is a application of a specific style of Chinese gardening.
Not far away in the lake there is a islet. It is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the scenery. The pavilion on the islet is called Zhichun (Understanding Spring) Pavilion and is chardcterized by four- edged, multiple eaved roofs.
(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)
this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the Hall of jade Ripples. It was first used by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs. IT was also where Emperor Guangxu of the late Qing dynasty was kept under house arrest.
This hall is a hallmark of the Reform Movement of 1898, Emperor Guanxu was Empress Dowager Cixi` s nephew. After Emperor Tongzhi died, Empress Dowager Cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the scenes. When Emperor Guanxu was 19 years old ，Empress Dowager Cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable influence. In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws. The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi. The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years 。All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard. Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs. The wall remains intact for tourists to see.。 Dynasty while reforming outdated laws. The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi. The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years 。All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard. Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs. The wall remains intact for tourists to see.
(In front of Yiyunguan (Chamber of Mortal Beings)
this was where Empress and empress dowager of China` s feudal system. However, Emperor Guanxu was not the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty. The last in the line was Emperor Puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be married 。 In 1912, he was forced to abdicate. During the short reign of Emperor Puyi. Empress Longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of Empress Dowager. In 1911, a revolution led by Dr. Sun Yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, Empress Longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of China.
(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)
the aged empress Dowager Cixi was so fond of the Summer Palace that she decided to live here from April through October of every year. This group of buildings served as her residence.
This group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each side 。The whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting 。 With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hall of Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient. No wonder one of Empress Dowager Cixi` s pleasure boat. On the pier there is a tall lantern post. Flanking the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal peace. The interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the middle. At mealtime, eunuchs-in –waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and Empress Dowager Cixi would dine on 128 courses. Because of this more than 1,800 tales of silver would be spent each month on meals. On the east side of the Living Room is the Cloak Room. The bedroom in on its west.
In front of the yaoyue （Inviting the Moon ） Gate of the Long Corridor
The famed Long Corridor is ahead. Facing Kunming lake and in the foreground of Longevity Hill, the Long Corridor stretches from Yaoyue （Inviting the Moon ） Gate to Shizhang (Stony Old Man) Pavilion. IT is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal pavilions. In 1990 ，it was listed in Guinness Book of World Records.
(Strolling along the Long Corridor)
The Long Corridor is one of the major structures of the Summer Palace 。Since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of Longevity Hill ， four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions (Beauty-Retaining Pavilion, Enjoy-the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion and Clarity Distance Pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation. Thus sightseers will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. As a major part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the hill. Scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to creat a unified complex.
This corridor can also be called a “corridor of paintings ”: There are more than 14,000 paintings on its beams. Some of them are of birds, flowers and landscapes of the West lake in Hangzhou, Zhejian Province. Others present scenes from literary classics. The majority of the landscape painting were done under the order of Emperor Qianlong, who preperred the scenery of South China.
(By the door leading to the exhibition of cultural relics)
this group of temple-shaped structures are known as Qinghua (Clarified China) Hall ，also known as Arhat Hall during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. The original hall burned down in 1860. After it was reconstructed, it was renamed.
Qinghua Hall is now used as a exhibition hall displaying rare cultural relics collected in the Summer Palace. The hall consists of 6 exhibition rooms with tens of thousands of articles of treasure on display in turn. Among the exhibits there are bronze ware, porcelain, jade assemblages from the Ming and Qing dynasties, and rare and paintings. There is also a gigantic stone slab, which is more than 3 meters in height and width. It bears the handwritten inscriptions of Emperor Qianlong is commemoration of the suppression of a rebellion in the Xinjiang region. Only this slab survived when the Angle-French allied forces set fire to the Summer Palace.
(In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds)
Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds. The Hall of Dispelling Clouds was where numerous palatines kowtowed to Empress Dowager Cixi. It was surrounded by galleries and flanked by annex halls. In the forecourt there is a pool and marble bridges 。 Starting from the lakeside, there lies in succession a memorial archway, the Gate of Dispelling Clouds, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and the Tower of Buddhist Incense. All of these structures are built on a central axis and each is taller than its predecessor. This was designed to give prominence to the last structure, the Tower of Buddhist Incense, which was a symbol of imperial power. The layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhist sutras. This group of structure are among the most magnificently constructed here in the Summer Palace.
(Inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds)
The original buildings on this site were burned down by the Anglo-French allied forces in 1860. A new set of structures was built during the reign of Emperor Guanxu, and was called the Hall of Dispelling Clouds, suggesting that it was a fairyland.
The hall was built on a high terrace, and has 21 room. Inside the hall are a throne, screens, tripods and mandarin fans. On a platform you will see bronze dragons, phoenixes and tripods. At the foot of the platform there are four bronze water vats, the ancient form of fire extinguishers.
The 10th day of lunar October was ，Empress Dowager Cixi` s birthday. On that day ，she sat on the throne here to receive congratulations and gifts.
Now we are going to pay a visit to the highlight of the Summer Palace- the Tower of Buddhist Incense. What we are now standing on is a stone terrace which is 20 meters in height. It has a semi housed stairway of 100 steps, you will live for 100 years. So, let` s go ！
(In the front of the Tower of Buddhist Incense)
An octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the Tower of Buddhist Incense is the very center of the Summer Palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient Chinese architecture. The tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae logs. With its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the Tower of Buddhist Incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding it 。The Tower overlooks Kunming Lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of kilometers 。On the west side of the Tower stands Baoyunge (Precious Cloud Pavilion)。 IT is made of bronze and meters in height and 270 tons in weight. It resembles its wooden counterparts in every detail. It is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in China. Lamas prayed here during the reign of Emperor Qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their families. At the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited abroad. In 1992 an American company bought the windows and returned them intact to China.
(On a hilltop leading from the back door of Tower of Buddhist Incense)
Now we can see the long and snaking Western Causeway and a shorter dike that divides Kunming Lake into three areas that contain South Lake Island, Seaweed-viewing Island and circle city island. The three island represent three mountain in ancient Chinese mythology, i. e. penglai, Fangzhang and Yingzhou. This peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for longevity. As the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical islands. Using artificial building techniques, the ancient Chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.
(Inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest)
Setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of China traditional architectural styles. The Garden of Harmonious Interest serves as a fine example of this.
This Garden was built under the order of Emperor Qianlong and modeled after the Jichang Garden （Garden of Ease of Mind ）at the foot of Mount Huishan, Jiansu Province. IT was renamed by his son Emperor Jiaqing in 1811. The existing Garden was rebuilt by Emperor or Guangxu. Empress Dowager Cixi used to go fishing here. The Garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries
With all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the Garden of Harmonious Interest is basically a garden of waterscape. Spanning the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the others. The most famous of them is the bridge known as “Knowing –the Fishing-bridge.” IT is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the Warring States Period, two philosophere named Zhuang Zi had an interesting argument by the side of a pond.
Zhang said, ”Fish swim to and fro in the water. What happy fish!”
Hui asked ， ”You are not a fish. How do you know they are happy? ”
Zhuang replied, “You are not me 。How do you know I don’t know? ”
Hui signed, “I am not you ，therefore, I don’t know you 。 And you are not a fish ，so how
do you know that fish are happy? ”
Zhang said, “you ask me how I know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question?”
Although The Garden of Harmonious Interest was designed after Jichang Garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it 。
(Outside the south entrance to Suzhou Shopping Street)
Now lets have a look at longevity Hill. On the back slope of the Hill stands a group of architectures. The centerpiece of structures there are known as the Four Continents and are dedicated to Buddhism. This group was laid out and arranged in accordance with Buddhist cosmology. Aside from a main shrine and structures embodying the Four Continents, there are eight towers representing Minor Continents. The shrine is surrounded by four Lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the moon.
The Qing authority attached great importance to Buddhism. To further strengthen ties with the ethnic minorities who practiced Buddhism, the monarchs incorporated both Han and Tibetan styles of architecture into this group of temples.
Further north at the foot of the Four Major Continent lies the Suzhou Shopping Street. Built along the Back Lake of the Summer Palace, this street stretches about 300 meters and features more than 60 stores. It includes restaurants, teahouses, pawnshops banks, drugstores dye houses and publishing houses. In order to recreate the atmosphere of ancient times, visitors will have the chance to exchange their money to ancient style Chinese coins for use here. Storefronts are trimmed with traditional signboards and ornaments. The commercial culture of the mid-18th century has thus been recreated.
(Atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou Shopping Street)
visitors may be surprise to see that this shopping street is almost the same as that in South China. As a matter of fact, this street was designed after the shops along the canals in Suhzhou. Originally known as Emperor` s Shopping Street, it was built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. After making several inspection tours to South China and being duly impressed by its commercial prosperity, Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of this street.
The imperial shopping street was burnt down by Anglo-French allied forces in 1860. The site remained desolated until 1987, when reconstruction began. It was opened to the public in September 1990.
With commercial culture as its hallmark, the Suzhou Shopping Street is a vivid representation of China` s traditional cultures.
(On the road from the south fate of the suzhou shopping street to the marble boat)
This is the hall of Pines. From it to the west we can walk to the Marble Boat. The path we aree taking stretches between Longevity Hill and Back Lake. Monarchs and their cohorts used to stroll along it 。Hence it was named Central Imperial Path. Along this path you will see lilacs all around. Hence, this road is also known as the Path of Lilac.
(In front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring)
Quite a few unique structures were burnt down during the reign of emperor Qianlong, among which the Garden of Complete Spring was one of the most famous. The ruined and desolate courtyard by the roadside was its original site, it remains to be restored.
This group of structures cover an area of 4,000 square meters and features a number of halls built on three different levels. All of the structures were connected with galleries and stone staircases. With its natural and ingenious combination of pavilions, a hall, galleries and rooms, the Garden of Complete Spring serves as a fine model for other gardens.
Emperor Qianlong frequently visited this compound.
(Along the lakeside by the Marble Boat)
Now we have returned from the back of Longevity Hill to the front. There is the famous Marble Boat. This structure is 36 meters in length and its body was made of marble. On top of it is a two storeyed structure. The floor was paved with colored bricks. All of the windows are inlaid with multi-colored glass and the ceiling was decorated with carved bricks. The drainage system channels rain water down through four hollow concrete pillars and into the lake through the mouth of dragon heads.
According to a book written by Emperor Qianlong, the boat was used for enjoying the scenery and was supposed to be symbolic of the stability of the Qing Dynasty.
Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall for listening to Orioles 。 The ancient Chinese liken the warble of an oriole to beautiful songs and melodies, hence the name of the hall which used to be a theater. Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperial dishes and desserts. It is a must for many foreign visitors to have lunch here when then come to Beijing. More than one hundred heads of state worldwide have dined here and the late Premier Zhou Enlai has held banquets here in honor of state guests. (Sightseers who want to try the restaurant can go boating after they eat. Those who do not can go abroad right away. Those who do not feel like taking the boat can stoll along the Long Corridor to the outside of the East Gate)。
(Boating on Kunmin Lake)
we are now going to enjoy the lakeside scenery from a pleasure boat.
As a main part of the Summer Palace, Kunming Lake covers an area of 220 hectares, or three fourths of the combined space of this summer resort. This natural lake is more than 3500 years old.
This lake was originally called Wengshan Lake. In 1749 Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of Qingyi Garden, the predecessor of the Summer Palace. Involving nearly 10,000 laborers, the lake was expanded and turned into a peach-shaped reservoir, the first of its kind for Beijing.
From 1990 to 1991, the Beijing Municipal Government ordered the first dredging of the lake in 240 years 。Involving 200,000 men and hundreds of dredgers and other tools, a total of 625,600 cubic meters of sludge was dredged and 205 bombs dropped by the Japanese during the Anti-Japanese War were removed.
The summer palace set a precedent for sightseeing by boat. There used to be a large imperial flotilla, of which the “Kunming Merry Dragon” was the most famous. It was destroyed by the Anglo-French allied forces in 1860. To make the tour of the Summer Palace a more pleasant one, a large pleasure boat “Tai He ” （Supreme Harmony ）was built. This double –decked boat is meters long,8,59 meters wide and meters high. It can travel at a speed of 9 kilometer per hour. Small pleasure boats are also available to tourist.
Another major spot of interest on the Western causeway is Jingming （Bright View ） Hall. Both its front and rear face the lake. This structure also features three two- storeyed halls of varying heights.
Our tour is drawing to a close as we approach the shore. Today we only visited the major scenic areas of the Summer Palace. I have left other spot of interest for your next visit.
I will show you out through the East Gate. I hope you enjoyed today` s tour. Thank you 。Good-bye and good luck.
北京英文导游词 篇4
Tian’anmen（ the Gate of Heavenly Peace）， is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen（ the Gate of Heavenly Succession）。 At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:
1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian（ Hall of Supreme Harmony）， where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan（ tray of cloud）， and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen（ Gate of supreme Harmony）
2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting（ dragon pavilion）。 Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen（ Meridian Gate）， to Tian’anmen Gate tower.
3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.
4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.
5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.
Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”。
During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.
On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark（ Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park）， and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan（ Altar of Land and Grain）， built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.
The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao（ the Supreme Ancestral Temple）， where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.
The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe（ Outer Golden River），with seven marble bridges spanning over it 。 Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao（ Imperial Bridge）。 The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao（ Royal’s Bridges）。 Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao（ ministerial Bridges）。 The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao（ common Bridges）。 They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.
The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.
The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”， a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”（ Expecting the emperor’s coming back） and “ wangjunchu”（ Expecting the emperor’s going out） respectinvely.
In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang（ antechamber）， on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.
On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”。 Today ， the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.
Tian’anmen Square
Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares（ 109 acres） that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.
Around the Square are several famous buildings:
1 The Great Hall of the People
This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.
2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution
These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from million years ago to 1919:
1) The Primitive Society（ million years ago to the 21st century BC）；
2) The Slave Society（21st century BC to 476 BC.）；
3) The Feudal Society（475 BC. To 1840 AD.）；
4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society（1840 to 1919.）
The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.
3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes
the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.
On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”。 On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.
At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:
1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:
2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;
3) The Revolution of 1911;
4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;
5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;
6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;
7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;
8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the ”。
4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum
Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.
The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution（ 1919-1949）， and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.
Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long（ 79-foot-long） tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.
In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.
On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.
Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.
北京旅游英文导游词 篇5
各位朋友：现在，我们来到了天安门广场 ，我先为大家做一个简单的介绍，天安门广场是目前世界上最大的城市中心广场，它位于北京市区的中心。天安门广场呈长方形，南北长880米，东西宽500米，总面积 44万平方米。如果人们肩并肩地站在广场上，整个广场可容纳100万人，就是说全北京总人口的1/13都可以同时站在这里，够大的吧！
在明清时期广场可没有这么大，当时它呈“T ”字形，“T”字的那一横就是我们今天的长安街，那一竖就是从现在的国旗杆前至毛主席纪念堂前的这一长条形区域，在这一区域的两侧是按文东武西的格局分布着 当时政府机关。解放后，原来广场两侧的建筑被拆除，从而形成了今天广场的基本格局。
在天安门广场的四周，有很多著名的 建筑，现在我为大家以顺时针方向做一个简单介绍，就让我们以广场西侧的人民大会堂开始吧！人民大会堂位于天安门广场西侧，是全国人民代表参政、议政、举行 重大会议，当家作主行使主权的地方，建成于1959年，最高处米，是现在广场上的最高建筑。整个大会堂由三部分组成，南部为人大常委会办公楼，中部为万人 大会堂，北端是国宴大厅，整座建筑自设计到完工只用了10个月，是我国建筑史上的一个奇迹。
在广场的北端是大家都很熟悉 的天安门城楼，它是新中国的象征，就是在天安门城楼上，1949年10月1日毛主席向全世界人民庄严宣告，“中华人民共和国成立了！中国人民从此站起来了！”：
广场的东侧矗立着中国历史博物馆及中国革 命博物馆，完工于1959年，那里是收藏并展览中国古代、近代历史文物及革命文物 的主要场所。
在人民英雄纪念碑的南面是毛主席纪念堂，原来在那里曾有一座门，明代叫大明门，清代叫大清门，民国时又改为中华门，解放后拆除，1976年毛主席逝世后在其基址上建起了庄严肃穆的毛主席 纪念堂。纪念堂建成于1977年，是为纪念伟大领袖毛主席而建，现在毛主席的遗体安然地躺在水晶棺中，供人们凭吊、瞻仰、表达深深的敬意。
广场的正中，巍巍耸立着中国第一碑——人 民英雄纪念碑，它是为了纪念那些自1840年鸦片战争至1949年中华人民共和国成立这一百多年来为中华民族的独立及自由而抛头颅、洒热血的人民英雄们而建。整座 纪念碑高米，座落在双层基座之上，碑座四周镶嵌有八幅汉白玉浮雕，反映了中国近百年革命历史。纪念碑的背面是毛主席起草，周总理手书的碑文，正面是毛 主席亲笔题写的“人民英雄永垂不朽”八个镏金大字。
天安门广场是中国近代革命的见证人，反帝 反封建的五四运动、三˙一八惨案、一二˙九都发生在这里。天安门广场也是新中国诞生的见证人，更是今天人民幸福生活的见证人。现在，它已被全国人民评为“ 中国第一景”，每天都有来自海内外的朋友们到此参观游览。
好！不多说啦！各位一定想在这里照几张相 吧？现在就请各位自由拍照，10分钟后我们在北面国旗杆处集合，谢谢大家！
北京英文导游词 篇6
Dear visitors, everybody! Today I want to take you go to the Summer Palace ladies, everybody! Today I want to take you to visit the Summer Palace, we hope you leave a good memories in the Summer Palace.
My name is Emily wong, you call I always guide yellow.
Now we have arrived at the gallery.
You see, the pillars of the green paint, red paint of the rail, a look at the endless blocks.
The gallery has seven, eight hundred meters long, divided into two hundred and thirty-seven.
Each of the cross on the sill have colorful flowers, painted figures, flowers and plants, landscape, thousands of picture no two are the same.
Promenade planted on both sides is full of flowers and trees, a flower which haven't xie, a flower that opened again.
The breeze is blowing from the kunming lake on the left, the feeling refreshed, you feel it?
You see, we now go to the end of the corridor.
In front of us is the longevity hill.
Everybody looked up and look up, the three layer architecture of a anise pyramid stands on the hillside, yellow glazed tiles shine.
That is the Buddha incense.
The following rows of resplendent and magnificent palace, is the cloud temple.
Please follow me to go visit the kunming lake below! You see, how beautiful kunming lake is! Quiet like a mirror, like a piece of green jade.
Cruise ships, original in the lake slowly glides, almost without leaving any trace.
The view of the Summer Palace said also said not.
You see it, there is a lake and the marble seventeen-arch bridge which, please you to watch! Today you have fun? I hope you come next time, I am your tour guide.
北京英语导游词 篇7
Welcome to the Great Wall. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yale River in Leaning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces——Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu and two autonomous regions——Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.
Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century Walls, then, was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later in 221 The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368——1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today.
The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors.
The Wall of those sections is meters high and meters wide at its base, narrowing to meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven"。
There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.
Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First PaUnder Heaven)， Shanghaiguan Pais situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to supprethe peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)
As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.
北京旅游英文导游词 篇8
圆明园坐落在北京西郊海淀区，与颐和园紧相毗邻。它始建于康熙46年（1720xx年），亦称“圆明三园”，是圆明园及其附园长春园、万春园的统称，是清代行宫式御园，占地350公顷（5200余亩），其中水面面积约140公顷（2100亩），有园林风景百余处，是清朝帝王在150余年间创建和经营的一座大型皇家宫苑。
“圆明园”由康熙皇帝命名。“圆明”是雍正皇帝自皇子时期一直使用的佛号。康熙皇帝在把园林赐给胤禛（后为雍正皇帝）时，亲题园名为“圆明园”正是取意于此。雍正皇帝解释说“圆明”二字的含义是：“圆而入神，君子之时中也；明而普照，达人之睿智也。”意思是说，“圆”是指个人品德0无缺，超越常人；“明”是指政治业绩明光普照，完美明智。
圆明园继承了中国三千多年的优秀造园传统，既有宫廷建筑的雍容华贵，又有江南水乡园林的委婉多姿，同时，又吸取了欧洲的园林建筑形式，把不同风格的园林建筑融为一体，在整体布局上使人感到和谐完美，体现了中国古代造园艺术之精华，是当时最出色的一座大型园林。乾隆皇帝说它：“实天宝地灵之区，帝王豫游之地，无以逾此”。圆明园不仅以园林著称，而且也是一座收藏相当丰富的皇家博物馆。园内各殿堂内装饰有难以计数的紫檀木家具，陈列有许多国内外稀世文物。园中文源阁是全国四大皇家藏书楼之一。园中各处藏有《四库全书》、《古今图书集成》、《四库全书荟要》等珍贵图书文物。圆明园，曾以其宏大的地域规模、杰出的营造技艺、精美的建筑景群、丰富的文化收藏和博大精深的民族文化内涵而享誉于世，被誉为“一切造园艺术的典范”和“万园之园”。
圆明园于咸丰十年，即1860年的10月，遭到英法联军的洗劫和焚毁，1979年，圆明园遗址被列为北京市重点文物保护单位。于1988年建成圆明园遗址公园，仅存山形水系、园林格局和建筑基址，假山叠石、雕刻残迹仍然可见。在“西洋楼”旧址建有园史展览馆，供人瞻仰凭吊，令人痛定思痛。
北京英语导游词 篇9
Lama Temple is located in Beijing north two ring road near the Confucian Temple in the west, and the Imperial College, covers an area of about 66000 square metres, it is Beijing 's largest existing a Tibetan Gelug royal temple, Lama Temple was the emperor Qian Long was born, he not only has the royal temple style, now more profound Buddhist culture attracts the world tourists from all over, so now we can see a lot of blonde foreigner come to visit, and there are also many stars also come to worship.
We now see the Lama Temple area in the Ming Dynasty called the Gestapo street, here was the Ming Dynasty eunuchs of the secretary. To the Qing Dynasty emperor Kangxi here Herod gave his imperial four Yin Zhen Yin Zhen is best, because Prince Yong, so here is also known as Yong palace. In the Yin Zhen successor, Yong palace became Hyphalosaurus Di, Yong Zheng intended to build Yong palace the palace, and given the name Lama Temple.
In the palace period, the Lama Temple is a stick rod, it is one of the secret service. The inside of the stick rod. Each stunt, Wu Yi high, designed for the Yong Zheng arrest dissident, killing enemies.
Although Yong Zheng kill many, but in his history he was a wise king. During his reign, dispel the Manchu nobility many privileges, but also too much slaughter, even killed his own son （ Hongshi ）， so in the later added some notoriety is can hardly be avoided. Also because of Yong Zheng's killing was too heavy, so his son Qian Long succeeded to the throne after the emperor, after consultation with the Tibet Zhangjia living Buddha, then Lama Temple to Shamanism （ sect ） of the temple, may borrow up to merit salvation Temple House is the spirit of the deceased father.
Here to mention the famous Zhangjia living Buddha, Zhangjia living Buddha life frequency has the legendary color, and his spirit Kangxi and Qianlong played an indelible meritorious service. In our country the Mongolian and Tibetan areas were four living Buddha, they are the Panchen Lama, Darai in charge, after former reservoir reservoir; Zhangjia living Buddha in Qinghai; there is a living Buddha in Mongolia. The Buddha to reincarnation reincarnation and handed down from generation to generation, the Zhangjia living Buddha reincarnation Nishi Akiyoshi was Emperor Yong Zheng teacher, while in the old chapter, after the death of Mio Akiyoshi, his reincarnation in Qinghai Guo grand temple was identified, but the Mio Akiyoshi Little Buddha at the age of seven, because he presided over the temple attended the rebellion against the Qing Dynasty and was the encirclement, Little Buddha were several near acolyte protection to hide into a nearby cave, Emperor Yong Zheng after learning that orders the Little Buddha find and escort to beijing. The joint purpose after and put up a notice, timed to surrender the Little Buddha, otherwise it will destroy the village temple. Hear this news, to hide in a cave of the monks cried together, thought that no matter the downhill, coming down from the mountain is only one death, in this case, the Little Buddha refused to implicate others, step forward bravely, decided to go down the mountain. And see the answer fluently without fear, this caused the Qing general surprise, but also very much like the little buddha. They will be little Buddha escort to Beijing, Yong Zheng the emperor summoned him, see the Little Buddha refined and courteous, very innocent and lovely, but the Little Buddha in the arms of her.
The emperor Yong Zheng to the Little Buddha many special reward, most notably life little Buddha and his fourth sons （ the later emperor Qian Long ） learn together. Because of Zhangjia living Buddha and the emperor Qian Long was classmates, who established a pure, deep friendship, so in their adulthood, their respective boarded the politics, teach high, is life-long cooperation, cooperate tacit understanding. Zhangjia living Buddha life involved in solving the many ethnic, religious problems, often recieves orders at jeopardy when, in his identity and efforts, at the time of the Qing Dynasty appeared the unprecedented unity situation, this also is today unity pattern made distinctions won in battle.
City at the people of Zhangjia living Buddha of Chongxin also to an astonishing degree, historical records, when people saw Zhangjia living Buddha carriage over, are scrambling to put the handkerchief on the ground, allowing the wheels to roll from above, as the fortune.
We now see the Lama Temple's main building is: -- -- Zhao 's chariot arches -- copper beast -- -- -- -- the king's temple Pavilion Xumishan -- Lama Temple -- Yongyou Temple -- Falun hall -- wanvog.
In the past, Lama Temple building divided into East and West three road.
In the east of Southern called even real, Lama is a student monks living residence. In the North East College, is simple and elegant landscape architecture, according to legend East College within the well chamber is the emperor Qian Long 's birthplace.
While the West was Lama Temple Buddhist dharma Guandi temple. You may wonder, Lord Guan is the God of wealth, how to become Buddha Dharma, in fact, " Romance of the Three Kingdoms " in the chapter " Yuquan Hill Guan visions "， tell the antecedents and consequences : it says that Guan Yu is Sun Quan general Lvmeng alive, Sun Quan to surrender, but his hands under the counselor can not be said, said to Cao Mengde three a five a small feast banquet, Guan Yu is not a win glory in battle and go? Sun Quan heard this, he ordered Guan Yu to be beheaded and the head hanging tower to destroy the morale. But after the death of Guan Yu and a soul does not come loose, soul swing float to the Jingmen Yuquan mountain, Yamakami Yuichi monk, Farmington Prolene net, is important in water the town of temple abbot, Guan Yu had five passes, in Si water almost killed, it was the Prolene net elders elders for rescue, later saves Guan Yu and refuge. The world, to the mountains of Yuquan, knot grass hut, daily and other acts lecture on. One day in the middle of the night, the elders are nunnery in meditation, suddenly he heard someone screaming air, also my head! My head! Filters & his watch, see only soul wanders in guan. In the hands of Fochen point cloud in: Changan. Guan Gong recognize elders, said to be saved, be everlastingly grateful: this off of a disaster, when death is willing to seek advice, education, lost. Filters & said: This is a past, all Xiu, consequences of antecedents, each other. This general Lvmeng victims, so my head, but Liang Yan, Wen Chou, five will be six all of the head, and to whom Sawyer? So the public see light suddenly, Jishou to become Buddhist law of god.
导游词英文北京 篇10
Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:
My name is ___. I’m very honored to be youre guide. I do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. This morning we are going to visit the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is located on the northwest suburbs of Beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of the city. So it will take us about 1 hour to get there. Before we arrived at the Summer Palace, I would like to introduce you a brief introduction of the woderful imperial garden. The Summer Palace is the most beautiful and the largest imperial garden existing in Chinan, and it is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world. In 1998, it was placed on the List of World Cultural Heritage by the UNESCO.
The Summer Palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of 12th century in the Jin Dynasty. The construction continued to the Yuan and Ming dynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. During Emperor Qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘Three Hills and Five Gardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of Beijing. The Summer Palace was a part of it and at that time was called the Garden of Clear Ripples. In 1860, the Anglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing. The ‘Three Hills and Five Gardens’ were burnt down to ashes.
In 1888, the Empress Dowager Cixi spent the navy fund having the Garden of Clear Ripples rebuilt. And then she renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace).
In 1900, the Allied Forces of Eight Powers invaded Beijing. The Summer Palace was once again severely damaged. It was rebuilt again in 1902.
In 1924, the Last Emperor Puyi was driven out of the palace, after that, the Summer Palace was turned into a public park.
Ladies and Gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway. It is called “Emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the first scenery of the Summer Palace. The two Chinese words on the front side of the archway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. The two words on the back side mean Collection of Excellence and refer to the tranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.
(outside the East Palace Gate)
Now, we have arrived at the East Palace Gate. It’s the main entrance of the Summer Palace. On top of the gate there is a plaque with three Chinese characters ‘The Summer Palace’ in Emperor Guangxu’s handwriting. The gate that we are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the old days.
(Inside the East Palace Gate)
Now we are inside the Summer Palace. In front of us is the second gate of the Summer Palace— the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the Privy Council. Well, Before we start our tour in the garden, I will briefly introduce you the layout of the Summer Palace and our tour route. , ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention please? Let’s look at the map together, From it we can see the Summer Palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies the three-fourths. The whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was for political activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. Our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and end off the Marble Boat. On the way, we will visit the main constructions of the Summer Palace, such as the Hall of Jade Ripples, the Hall of Happiness and Longevity, the Long Corridor, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and so on. It will take us about two hours to visit the Summer Palace. Please attention, we won’t walk back and our driver will pick us up at the North Gate. Should you get lost or separated from the group, please meet us at the North Gate.
Ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. Follow me please.
(Inside the courtyard of the Benevolence and Longevity)
Passing through the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity, we have already entered the courtyard of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. The huge rock in front of us is Taihu Rock. It was quarried from Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province, so it was known as Taihu Rock. Please look around the courtyard and you can see there are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard, representing the four seasons of the year. The Taihu Rocks are usually used as decoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak and penetration in characters.
The bronze mythical animal behind the Taihu Rock is known as Suanni or some people call it Qilin. According to ancient Chinese mythology, the dragon had nine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. Suanni was one of the nine sons of the dragon. It was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits in ancient lengeds. Suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hooves of ox and the tail of lion.
(In front of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity)
This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It was first built in 1750. The name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘Lun Yu’ by Confucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.” This hall was the place where Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi held audience and handled state affairs when they were in the Summer Palace. For protecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. So I would like to briefly introduce you the decorations in the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. In the middle of the hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. There are two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacock feathers. Behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame and glass mirror inlaid. On the mirror there are 226 Chinese characters of the word ‘Longevity’ written in different styles. There are two scrolls on each side of the wall with a big Chinese character ‘Longevity’ written on it. It was said that the word ‘Longevity’ written by Empress Dowager Cixi. There are 100 bats painted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.
Well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of a dragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. They were used to burn incense sticks to create the appropriate atmosphere. In the old days, the dragon and phoenix were the symbol of the emperor and empress. According to ritual, the dragons should be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front of the , here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes are in the middle. This was a product of the end of Qing Dynasty when Empress Dowager Cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.
(At the entrance of Garden of virtuour Harmony)
We are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Bejing Opera performances. It mainly consists of the Dressing House, the Grand Theater Building and the Hall of Pleasure Smile. The Grand Theater Building was known as the ‘Cradle of Beijing Opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. There are 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.
(In front of the Grand Theater Building)
This is the Grand Theater Building. Of the three main theater buildings of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and largest one. The other two are Changyin Pavilion in the Forbidden City and Qingyin Pavilion in the Mountain Resort in Chengde. The Grand Theater Building, a three-storied structure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. It is 21 meters high and 17 meters wide. Performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. The top one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and the bottom stage was named longevity stage. Each level has the entrance and the exit. There are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestial being’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to set off a certain atmosphere on the stage. There is also a well and five ponds built under the stage for a good effect of water scenes. The stage is open to three sides.
Well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the Grand Theater Building, it’s the Hall of Pleasure Smile. The Empress Dowager Cixi used bo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the Peking Opera.
(A lakeside walk from the Garden of virtuous Harmony to the Hall of Jade Ripples)
We are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It appears that there’s nothing special ahead. However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake. This is an application of a specific style of Chinese
gardening.
Now, we are walking along the bank of the Kunming Lake. Look over there, not far away in the lake there is an islet. It’s called the Spring Heralding Islet. The pavilion on the islet is called the Spring Heralding Pavilion. A number of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. In early spring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms, willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned. Hence the name ‘Heralding Sping Pavilion’.
(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)
This group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the Hall of Jade Ripples. The words “Jade Ripples” came from a verse “Gentle ripples gushing out of Jade Spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. It was first used by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs. In the late Qing Dynasty, it was where Emperor Guangxu was put under house arrest.
This hall is a hallmark of the Movement of 1898. Emperor Guangxu was Emperor Dowager Cixi’s nephew. After Emperor Tongzhi died, Emperor Dowager Cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her hold on imperial power. She ‘handled state affairs behind the screen’. After Emperor Guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of 19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers. In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the core principles of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws. The movement lasted for103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi. It was called the ‘Hundred-Day Reform’. After the reform failed, Emperor Guangxu was put under house arrest here. For the strict control of him, Empress Dowager Cixi ordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and left of the Hall of Jade Ripples. At that time the hall was entirely sealed up, just like a prison. Today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room still maintain its original appearance. It is open to visitors as the relic related to the 1898 Reform Movement.
(In front of the Chamber of Collecting Books)
This is the Chamber of Collecting Books. In Chinese, it’s called “Yi Yun Guang”。 “Yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. In ancient times, it was usually used as termite repellent in rooms where books were the Emperor Qianlong’s reign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. Later it was converted into a residence. There used to be the residence of Guangxu’s Empress Longyu, and his favorite concubine Zhenfei.
(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)
This group of courtyard is the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. It was the major architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence of Empress Dowager Cixi. The whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting. With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hall of Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient. In front of the Hall of Happiness and Longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle of this courtyard named “Qing Zhi Xiu” and nicknamed as “Family Bankruptcy Rock”。 This huge rock was discovered in Fangshan District by a Ming official Mi Wanzhong. He wanted to transport it to his own garden “Shaoyuan”。 In the old days, transporting such rock was very difficult. After spending all his money to ship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. The big rock was then left on the roadside somewhere near Liangxiang County, 30 kilometers southwest of Beijing. Hence it was nicknamed “Family Bancruptcy Rock”。 Later Emperor Qianlong discovered it and transported to the Garden of Clear Ripples and laid in front of the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. The colorful glass chandeliers hanging inside the hall was introduced from Germany in 1903. It is one of the earliest electric lights in China.
(In front of the Gate of Inviting the Moon of the Long Corridor)
Ladies and Gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in the world, such as the Louvre in France and the Museum of Great Britain. Now I will show you a special gallery in the palace—the Long Corridor. In 1990, the Long Corridor was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as ‘the longest painted corridor’ in the world’. It would be a pity if we leave the Summer Palace without visiting the Long Corridor and the Marble Boat. Now, here we go, the Long Corridor first!
(Strolling along the Long Corridor)
The Long Corridor starts from the Gate Inviting the Moon to the Shizhang Gate. It is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. The Long corridor is one of the major structures of the Summer Palace. Since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of Longevity Hill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( Retaining the Goodness Pavilion, Living with the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion, Clear and Far Pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of a year. Thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. As a major part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the Hill. Scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.
The Long Corridor is the longest covered veranda in any Chinese garden. On the purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 Suzhou style paintings. Among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes of West Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Beside the colorful paintings of natural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mythology and figures. The paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancient Chinese classical literature, such as ‘Pilgrimage to the West’, ‘The Romance of the Three Kingdoms’, ‘The western Chamber’, “Water Margin’, and ‘The Dream of the Red Mansion’.
(In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds)
Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds. The central axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the Sea of Wisdom on top of the Hill. The main architectural structures here are the Gate of Dispelling Clouds, Hall of Dispelling clouds, Tower of Buddhist Incense and the Sea of Wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. The layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhist sutras. This group of structures are among the most magnificently constructed here in the Summer Palace. This is a good place to taking photos, we will stay here for about 15 minutes.
Now we are walking continuely along the Long Corridor, the next scene we are going to visit is Marble Boat.
Look over there! Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall of Listening to Orioles. It was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and court music. It is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. Before the Garden of Virtuous Harmony was built, Empress Dowager Cixi enjoyed opera and music here. Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.
This is the famous Marble Boat. A famous scientist of China’s Eastern Han Dynasty once said, “Water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” A prime minister of Tang Dynasty Wei Zheng once used these words to persuade Li Shimin, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He said people are water and the emperor is the boat. People can support a good emperor. However, they also can overthrow the dynasty. Emperor Qianlong built this huge boat in the Garden in order to make the allusion concrete. On one hand, Emperor Qianlong encouraged himself to run the country well. On the other hand, he wanted to show that his rule of the Qing Dynasty was as firm as the Marble Boat and there was no fear of overturning the boat. The Marble Boat was the place for Emperor Qianlong to sample tea and enjoy the scenery of Kunming Lake. Emperor Qianlong once came here to engage in the freeing of captive animals. In the times of Qianlong, the Marble Boat was a Chinese styled stone boat with a Chinese style wooden superstructure on the top of it. When it was rebuilt in the times of Guangxu, a foreign and Chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to the boat, one on each side. The floor was paved with colored bricks. All of the windows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. A big mirror was installed on the superstructure for viewing rain.
Our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the Marble Boat. Today we only visited the major scenic spots of the Summer Palace. I have left other spots of interest for your next visit. I will now show you out through the Ruyi Gate. Our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. I do hope you enjoyed today’s tour. Thank you.
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