小学五年级关于时态的英语语法介绍【范例5篇】

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过去式：【第一篇】

表示过去发生的动作或事件， 常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,

含有be动词的句子， 将动词变为过去式，am, is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were

I was at the butcher’s.

You were a student a year ago.

The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.

★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首

Were you at the butcher’s?

Were you a student a year ago?

Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?

★变否定句在be动词后面加not

I was not at the butcher’s.

You were not a student a year ago.

The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.

★肯定回答否定回答

Yes, I was. No, I was not.

Yes, you were. No, you were not.

Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.

★特殊疑问句：

What did you do?

(必背)

不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式

I finished my homework yesterday.

The boy went to a restaurant.

The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.

★变疑问句在句首加did， 动词变为原型

Did you finish your homework yesterday?

Did the boy go to a restaurant?

Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?

★变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not

I did not finish my homework yesterday.

The boy did not go to a restaurant.

The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

Yes, they did. No, they did not.

过去完成时的用法【第二篇】

定义

过去完成时表示过去的时间或者动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。

可用“过去的过去”来概括。

句子结构

Had+过去分词

用法

过去的某一动作之前已发生某事，可用由before、after、by the time（等到；到……时候）、by the end of（到……结束时）等时间词引导的，或者也可从上下文中得知动作发生的先后。

By the end of last year, we had learned English for five years.

截止到去年年底，我们已经学了两年英语。

By the time I drove to the airport, the plane had already set off.

在我开车到达机场之前，飞机已经起飞了。

在讲过去发生的事情，例如故事，过去的经历等

The story began when a girl was 10. Her parents had died for six years because of an accident. Her name was Kelly, she lived with her grandma……

故事开头讲一个10岁的女孩。她的父母因为一声意外已经过世有六年了。她的名字叫凯莉，她与她的外婆一起住……

it was the first/second/third……time+句子

It was the first time I had slept outside.

这是我第一次在外头过夜。

It was the second time I had made that mistake.

这是我第二次犯得错误。

常用在宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句中

He said that he had been in China for twenty years. （宾）

他说他在中国已有二十年了。

When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack. （状）

当我到达学校时，我意识到我忘了带书包。

She showed me her photos she had took. （定）

她把她拍的照片拿给我看。

5、用于hope（希望）、intend（想要；打算）、mean（意味着）、think（认为）等动词表示未实现的愿望

I had hoped to get home yesterday, but I missed the train.

我本希望是昨天到家的，但错过了火车。

I had thought to watch a film but I did not finish my homework.

我本想着要看一场电影，但我没有做完作业。

现在完成时：【第三篇】

构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词

用法：

2) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用

I have just had lunch. (饱了，不用再吃了)

He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了，不用再喝)

They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)

The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了)

3) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：

Have you finished your homework?

Have you been to Beijing?

Have he seen the film?

4) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作

I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.

I have worked for this school for 1 year.

5) 表示一种经历，经验：去过…地方，做过…事情，经历过…事情

I have never had a bath.

I have never seen a film.

I have never been to cinema.

I have ever been to Paris.

Have been to表示去过，have gone to 表示去了

I have been to London.(人已经回来)

He has gone to London.(人还在那里)

6) 表示一种结果， 一般不和时间副词联用

I have lost my pen.

I have hurt myself.

He has become a teacher.

She has broken my heart.

句型变化：

★变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not.

Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I have. No, I have not.

★特殊疑问句：

What have you done?

What has he done?

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：

凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时

注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用

错：I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.

对：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.

般将来时：【第四篇】

表示将来将要发生的动作， 经常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours' time, etc. 表示将来的词联用。

结构：主语+助动词will+动词原形

I will go to America tomorrow.

The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.

Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.

★变疑问句将助动词移到句首

Will you go to America tomorrow?

Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?

Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?

★变否定句在助动词后面加not

I will not go to America tomorrow.

The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.

Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I will. / No, I will not.

Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she will not.

Yes, he will. / No, he will not.

★特殊疑问句

What will you do?

现在进行时：【第五篇】

表示现在正在进行的动作。

构成： 主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分

We are having lunch.

He is reading a book.

The dog is running after a cat.

The boys are swimming across the river.

★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Are we having lunch?

Is he reading a book?

Is the dog running after a cat?

Are the boys swimming across the river?

★变否定句在be动词后面加 not

We are not having lunch.

He is not reading a book.

The dog is not running after a cat.

The boys are swimming across the river.

★特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.

疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词

What are you doing?

What is she doing?

What is the dog doing?

没有进行时的动词(必背)

表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作

1. 表示感觉，感官的词

see, hear, like, love, want,

2. have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时