定语从知识总结【6篇】

定语是修饰名词的成分，通常用形容词、名词或短语，能提供更多信息，使句子更具体、生动。下面是阿拉网友整理编辑的定语从知识总结相关范文，供大家学习参考，喜欢就分享给朋友吧！

定语从句知识总结 篇1

定语从句

关系

代词指代例句

who指人,宠物,This is the man who helped me.

whose所有格,

指人,物This is the boss whose name is Michael.

whom宾语, 指人The doctor whom you are looking for

is in the room.

that人,物,

主语或动宾This is the boy that broke the window.

which人,物,The building which is in front of you

主语或介宾 is our school.

I am going to drop out school, （非限）

which makes my parents worried.

关系

副词

when从句时间Do you remember the day

when he came to see you?难点Is Sheba the dog who was killed last year? (指代动物)This is the boss in whose company my farther is working now. (复杂结构)whose = the…of which (P314)There was no one to whom I can turn for help.(复杂结构)of whom (其中) most of whom, none of whom…He is the only person that I want to talk to. (不用which) (P315)作表语: He is no longer the man that he used to which (其中) most of which, none of whichin which case / during which time / at which time 引导从句It was in 1979 that he was elected was 1979 when he was elected Chairman of our club.

I bought the book 2 years ago, since when I have used no others.

Cases are introduced to you

where从句地点why

特殊

as限制性

定语从句

非限制性

定语从句You have reached the point where a change is me the reason why you are same…as (P320)such…as They use such simple words as can be understood by …as (P320)(正如) as is mentioned above as has been reported before

as is often the case as is known to all where you can employ this law.(condition, circumstances, system, example…)I am going to Shanghai where lives my aunt. (从句倒装)I climbed to the top of the mountain, from where I could see thewhole city.先行词只有reasonCan you repeat the reason that you gave yesterday?They use such simple words that we can understand them.(状语从句中，that不担任成分,不可以省略)可以位于句首, 与主语从句区分It is known to all that… (形式主语)As is known to all, (定语从句)What is known to all is that (主语从句)

定语从句知识总结 篇2

（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词：when, where, why

关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用， 同时在从句中又充当句子成分，高考语法复习四：定语从句。

She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）

The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：

1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；

2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；

3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；

4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；

5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。

（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）

2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。

Tom's father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）

（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1）用that而不用 which的情况：

①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；

②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；

③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；

④先行词既有人又有物时。

There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2）用which而不用 that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词 + 关系代词。

He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3）as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。

I want the same shirt as my friend's. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3）as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

He made a long speech, as we expected.

He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。

Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn't like at all.

2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

There is an expression in his eyes that I can't understand.

4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用"介词 + which"来代替，英语语法《高考语法复习四：定语从句》。

October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People's Republic of China was founded.

5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.

6. 介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介词在句尾，关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who，且可省略。

The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.

定语从句知识总结 篇3

一、as引导定语从句

as引导定语从句时，既可以引导限定性定语从句，又可以引导非限定性定语从句。区分as引导定语从句和其它从句的关键特征是：as引导定语从句时在从句中做成分，通常做主语或宾语。

1、as引导限定性定语从句

如从句所修饰的名词前有such、the same、as出现，后面的定语从句将由as引导，形成such...as，the same...as，as…as这样的固定结构，译为“和……一样”。

例1：I never heard such stories as he told.

我从未听过他所讲的那样的故事。

例2：He’ll repeat such questions as are discussed in the book.

他将重复书中讨论过的问题。

例3：They made the same mistake as others would have made on such an occasion.

他们犯了和其他人在这种场合下会犯的同样错误as用法详解as用法详解。

2、as引导非限定性定语从句

as引导非限定性定语从句，往往指代一整句话，通常表示“正如”的意思。as引导的非限制性定语从句位置相对比较灵活，可以位于先行词之前、之后或中间。

例：As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth.

众所周知，月亮绕着地球转。

二、as引导时间状语从句

as引导时间状语从句多用于口语，强调“同一时间”或“一先一后”，有时还有“随着”的含义。

例1：As I was going out, it began to rain.

当我出门时，开始下雨了。(as强调两个动作紧接着发生，不强调下雨的特定时间。)

例2：As time goes on, he will understand what I said.

随着时间的推移，他会理解我所讲的话。

三、as引导原因状语从句

as表示“因为”，与because相比，较口语化，所表达的原因语气较弱，所表的原因比较明显，或是已知的事实。

例1：As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.

因为天气太糟糕，我们不得不推迟旅行。

例2：Any new source of energy will be very welcome, as there is already a shortage of petroleum.

任何新型能源都将大受欢迎，因为石油已经出现短缺。

四、as引导方式状语从句

as表示“按照”，“以……方式”，“像……一样”，“正如”。

例：Do as the Romans do when in Rome. 入乡随俗

注：as在引导方式状语从句时，还常出现在一个固定的类比结构中：(just) as …, so…。这一句型表示类比，基本含义是“正如……，所以……”。

例：Just as virtue is its own reward, so is vice its own punishment.

善有善报，恶有恶报。

五、as引导让步状语从句

as可以表示“尽管”，“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，但必须构成倒装。让步状语从句倒装规则有两类：

1、形容词/副词/分词/名词(无冠词)/介词短语等+as+主语+谓语动词，主句。

例1：Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you.

我尽管很喜欢你，却不能和你在一起生活。

例2：Child as he is, he knows to help others.

尽管他是个孩子，他懂得帮助别人。

2、动词原形+as+主语+助动词(may/might, will/would, can/could, do/does/did)，主句as用法详解考研英语。

例：Try as we may, we cannot sense directly the television signal sent out from the broadcast station.

尽管我们费了很大的劲，也无法直接觉察发射台发出的电视信号

六、as引导比较状语从句

as引导比较状语从句，其基本结构是as…as。前一个as是副词，后一个as是比较状语从句的连词。否定结构为not so much … as …。

例1：Small as it is, the ant is as much a creature as are all other animals on the earth.

尽管蚂蚁很小，但是它同地球上的任何其他动物一样，也是一种动物。

例2：It was not so much the many blows he received as the lack of fighting spirit that led to his losing the game.

与其说是他受到了许多打击，还不如说是缺乏斗志使他输掉了比赛。

定语从句知识总结 篇4

定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。

一.几个基本概念

1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后。

4.引导词：引导定语从句的词（包括关系代词和关系副词）。

（1）关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as

（2）关系副词：when/where/why

5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前（先行词之后）。【as除外】

6.引导词的功能（作用）：

（1）连接先行词和定语从句。

（2）在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语）。

7.定语从句的类型：

（1）限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间无逗号）。

① 直接由引导词引导定语从句

The man who you’re talking to is my friend.

② 由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导

The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.

I need a pen with which I can write a letter.

=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.

介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：

The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.

=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.

The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.

=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.

（2）非限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开）。

① 直接由引导词引导定语从句。

② 由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导。

I live in a house far away from the city, in front of which is a big tree.

There is an apple tree standing at the gate, on which are many apples.

This is the man to whom I gave the book.

③ 由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”(先行词指

人用whom,指物用which)引导。One, some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。

He has five children, two of whom are abroad.

(比较：He has five children, and two of them are abroad.)

We have three books, none of which is/are interesting.

(比较：We have three books, but none of them is/are interesting.)

除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以，用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。

1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。

2.非限定性定语从句的作用：它只是补充说明先行词的情况，翻译时可译成两个句子。

The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital.

（那位工程师被很快送往医院，其腿部受了重伤）

The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital.

（那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院）

3.在非限定性定语从句中，任何引导词都不能省略（包括引导词在此定语从句中充当宾语在内）。指人做主语时只能用who, 做宾语时用whom;

指物做主语，宾语都用which; 关系副词用when或where，也不能省略。

The man, ______ is sitting on the chair, is my father.

The woman, _______ I met yesterday, is my English teacher.

The city, _______ is far away, is very beautiful.

He went to America, ______ his parents live.

He joined the Army yesterday, ______ I left, too.

引导非限定性定语从句：

The house, whose window faces south, is mine.

=The house, the window of which faces south, is mine.

＝The house, of which the window faces south, is mine.

二.定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的基本用法

/that指人是主格在定语从句中代替先行词，又作定语从句的主语，不能省略。

Do you know the gentleman who/that is sitting there?

/who/that指人是宾格，在定语从句中代替先行词，又作定语从句的宾语（动宾或介宾）。

① 当作动宾（动词后接宾语）时，关系代词可省略。

Do you know the gentleman (whom/who/that) we met just now?

② 当作介宾（介词后接宾语）时：

介词不提前时，关系代词可省略；

介词提前时，关系代词不可省，即介词＋whom(指人时介词后的关系代词只能用whom)。

The man (whom/who/that) I spoke with is my teacher.

The man with whom I spoke is my teacher.

※注：固定的动词短语（动词+介词）如look for, take care of等不能把动词与介词拆开，既介词不能提至引导词前。

She is the right girl (who/whom/that) we are looking for.

: 指人或物，是所有格“…的”形式。Whose+n.一起在定语从句中充当主语、宾语（动宾或介宾）即先行词的什么东西怎样了，whose不能省略。Whose+n. = the +n. + of which/whom= of which/ whom+ the =n.

I didn’t find the desk whose leg was broken. （主语）

He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday. （动宾）

The boss in whose company I work is very kind. （介宾）

/that 指物，指代先行词且在定语从句中作主语或宾语（动宾或介宾）。

① 当作动宾时，关系代词可省略。

② 当作介宾时：

介词不提前时，关系代词可省略；

介词提前时，关系代词不可省，即介词＋which(指物时介词后的关系代词只能用which)。

The house which/that was destroyed in the earthquake is weak.

The pen (which/that) you found yesterday is mine.

The games (that/which) the young men competed in were difficult.

The games in which the young men competed were difficult.

※注:介词+关系代词即介词+whom/which(先行词指人用whom，指物用which)。

定语从句知识总结 篇5

一.定语从句及相关术语

1.定语从句：修饰某一句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。被修饰的词称为先行词。

2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二.关系代词引导的定语从句

指人，在从句中做主语

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.

(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.

4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom;指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year

rises one million.

(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

(4)The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

(5)Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6)Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

1. 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导

(1)The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous.

(3)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.

(4)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.

(5)We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talk-ed about.

(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.

2.关系代词前的介词的选择

* 由先行词的习惯搭配或根据先行词的需要。

(1) The speed at which light travels is 300,000 km per second. (at the speed of …以…速度)

(2) The reason for which he didn’t come to school was that he was ill. (for a certain reason 由于某种原因)

* 介词可能是从句短语动词的一个固定部分或固定搭配

(3) Don’t bring children to see the animals of which they are afraid. (be afraid of 害怕)

(4) This is the teacher from whom I borrowed the book. (borrow from…从…借入

注意：

1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)

(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)

2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that;指物时用 which，不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose

(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)

(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F)

(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)

(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)

3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词

(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.

(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

四.关系副词引导的定语从句

1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语

(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

(2) The time when we got together finally came.

2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语

(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.

(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.

3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语

(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.

注意：

1.关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换

(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.

(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.

(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.

2.当先行词为时间、地点、原因名词时，如果在从句中不是作状语时，不可用关系副词引导。

(1)The reason (that/which) he gave for being late is that his mother was ill.

(2)They make me think of the happy days (that/which) we spent together.

(3)Is this factory the one (that/which) they visited the day before yester- day.

定语从句知识总结 篇6

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)

The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)

用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)

The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)

， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)

Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)

注意：

(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。

(3)that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

(4)关系词只能用that的情况：

a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?

c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

(5)关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：

Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

(1)when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

(2)where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

(3)why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。