英语代词中的关系代词实用2篇

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英语代词中的关系代词1

1) 关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词，同时在从句中作一定的句子成分，例如：The girl to whom I spoke1 is my cousin.　跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl，又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)

2) 关系代词有主格，宾格和属格之分，并有指人与指物之分。在限定性定语从句中，that 可指人也可指物，见表：

限定性　　　非限定性　　　　限定性

指　人　　　指　　物　　　指人或指物

主 格　　　who　　　 which　　　　 that

宾 格　　 whom　　　　that　　　　 that

属 格　　 whose　 of which/whose　 of which/whose

例如：

This is the pencil whose point is broken.

这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。

(whose 指物，在限定性定语从句中作定语)

He came back for the book which he had forgotten.　他回来取他丢下的书。

(which指物，在限定性定语从句中作宾语，可以省略)

3) 关系代词which的先行词可以是一个句子，例如：

He said he saw me there， which was a lie.

他说在那儿看到了我，纯属谎言。

说明： 关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略， 例如：

I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.

我过去懂拉丁语，现在大都忘了。

He's changed. He's not the man he was.

他变化很大，已不是过去的他了。

代词——every，no，all，both，……

扩展：货运用语中英文对照2

货物 goods | | freight | | cargo

运输 transportation | | transit | | conveyance

运送 to transport | | to carry | | to convey

运输业 transportation business | | forwarding business | | carrying trade

运输代理人 a forwarding agent

承运人 a freight agent | | a carrier

船务代理人 a shipping agent

陆上运输 transportation by land

海上运输 transportation by sea

货物运输 goods traffic | | freight traffic | | carriage of freights | | carriage of goods

货轮 cargo boat | | freighter | | cargo steamer | | cargo carrier

火车 goods-train | | freight-train

卡车 goods-van | | goods wagon | | freight car | | truck

货运办公室 goods-office | | freight-department

运费率 freight | | freight rates | | goods rate

运费 carriage charges | | shipping expenses | | express charges

车费 cartage | | portage

运费预付 carriage prepaid | | carriage paid

运费到付 carriage forward | | freight collect

运费免除||免费 carriage free

协定运费 conference freight | | freight rate

运费清单 freight account

托运单 way-bill | | invoice

运送契约 contract for carriage

装运 shipment | | loading

装上货轮 to ship | | to load | | to take on a ship

装运费 shipping charges | | shipping commission

装运单||载货单 shipping invoice

装运单据 shipping documents

大副收据 mate's receipt

装船单 shipping order

提货单 delivery order

装船通知 shipping advice

包裹收据 parcel receipt

准装货单 shipping permit

租船契约 charter party

租船人 charterer

程租船||航次租赁 voyage charter

期租船 time charter

允许装卸时间 lay days | | laying days

工作日 working days

连续天数 running days | | consecutive days

滞期费 demurrage

滞期日数 demurrage days

速遣费 despatch money

空舱费 dead freight

退关 short shipment | | goods short shipped | | goods shut out | | shut-outs

赔偿保证书(信托收据) letter of indemnity | | trust receipt

装载 loading

卸货 unloading | | discharging | | landing

装运重量 shipping weight | | in-take-weight

卸货重量 landing weight

压舱 ballasting

压舱货 in ballast

舱单 manifest

船泊登记证书 ship's certificate of registry

航海日记 ship's log

船员名册 muster-roll

(船员，乘客)健康证明 bill of health

光票 clean bill

不清洁提单 foul bill

有疑问提单 suspected bill