考研英语阅读 历年真题总结之优选【优推4篇】

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考研英语阅读 历年真题总结之排除【第一篇】

2014考研英语阅读 历年真题总结之排除

对2000至2010年历年真题的研究发现：在阅读理解中，不管题型是推理、细节事实、句子理解，还是例证等若选项含有表述否定的关键词no、no longer、little、cannot，则该选项极有可能不是正确答案，可优先排除之。

请看下面的例子

2001年Text1第52题

We can infer from the passage that ________.

A. there is little distinction between specialization and professionalisation

B. amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science

C. professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community

D. amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones

此题中，A项含有little，D项含有no，排除AD

「正确答案是B」

2006年Text2第27题

It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.

A. the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately

B. the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers

C. the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers

D. the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater

此题中，D项含有no，排除D

「正确答案是B」

年Text1第25题

Ryan‘s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing _________？

A. prevents new habits form being formed

B. no longer emphasizes commonness

C. maintains the inherent American thinking model

D. complies with the American belief system

此题中，B项含有no longer，排除B

「正确答案是A」

2009年Text3第35题

According to the last paragraph， development of education __________.

A. results directly from competitive environments

B. does not depend on economic performance

C. follows improved productivity

D. cannot afford political changes

此题中，D项含有cannot，排除D

「正确答案是C」

2000年以来更多应用此招式的'类似例子还有很多，例如：

2002年Text4第56题

2002年Text4第57题

2003年Text2第49题

20Text1第22题

年Text2第26题

2006年Text2第26题

2006年Text2第27题

2006年Text2第28题

2007年Text2第27题

2009年Text4第37题

2010年Text3第34题

先看一个例子，是2010年Text1第23题

试试看，是否能在5秒之内排除两个错误选项？

Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on？

A. It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals

B. It is contemptible for writers to be journalists

C. Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism

D. Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing

「正确答案是D」

注意比较A、B、C、D四个选项，会发现，AD选项中都含有关键词journalistic

答案就在AD中

优先排除不含相同关键词journalistic的BC选项

对2000至2010年历年真题的研究发现

在阅读理解中，在A、B、C、D四个选项中，若有两个或三个选项都含有相同的关键词，则正确答案就在它们之中

不含相同关键词的选项基本都是错误选项，优先排除

请再看下面的例子

2010年Text1第24题

What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs？

A. His music criticism may not appeal to readers today

B. His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute

C. His style caters largely to modern specialists

D. His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition

此题中，AB项都含有关键词music，答案就在AB中，排除CD

「正确答案是A」

2000年Text4第66题

The change in Japanese Life-style is revealed in the fact that ________.

A. the young are less tolerant of discomforts in life

B. the divorce rate in Japan exceeds that in the

C. the Japanese endure more than ever before

D. the Japanese appreciate their present life

此题中，AD项都含有关键词life，CD项都含有关键词the Japanese

答案就在ACD中，排除B

「正确答案是A」

2000年以来更多应用此招式的类似例子还有很多，例如：

2000年Text1第51、52、53、54题

2000年Text2第56、58题

2000年Text3第59题

2000年Text4第65、66题

2001年Text1第52题

2001年Text2第57题

2001年Text3第59题

2001年Text5第67题

2002年Text1第41、44题

2002年Text2第46、49、50题

2002年Text3第53、54题

2002年Text4第56题

2003年Text1第44题

2003年Text2第50题

2003年Text3第53题

2003年Text4第57题

2004年Text1第45题

2004年Text2第50题

2004年Text4第57、59题

2005年Text2第30题

考研英语一阅读历年真题【第二篇】

Text 3

Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. It Is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of million patients In 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectations of privacy.

DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements- and there may be many-between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it “controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed” it. But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.

The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individual there gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.

The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms Denham's report is a welcome start.

is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMind ?

[A] It caused conflicts among tech giants.

[B] It failed to pay due attention to patient’s rights.

[C] It fell short of the latter's expectations

[D] It put both sides into a dangerous situation.

32. The NHS trust responded to Denham's verdict with

[A] empty promises.

[B] tough resistance.

[C] necessary adjustments.

[D] sincere apologies.

author argues in Paragraph 2 that

[A] privacy protection must be secured at all costs.

[B] leaking patients' data is worse than selling it.

[C] making profits from patients' data is illegal.

[D] the value of data comes from the processing of it

to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is

[A] the vicious rivalry among big pharmas.

[B] the ineffective enforcement of privacy law.

[C] the uncontrolled use of new software.

[D] the monopoly of big data by tech giants.

author's attitude toward the application of AI to healthcare is

[A] ambiguous.

[B] cautious.

[C] appreciative.

[D] contemptuous.

历年英语一阅读真题考研【第三篇】

Text4

Two years ago. Rupert Murdoch's daughter, spoke at the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the mechanism”in society should be profit and the market we the people who create the society we want, not profit.“

Driving her point home, she continued”It's increasingly absence of purpose，of a moral language with in government, could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.“ This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies, such as International, she thought, making it more likely that it would fore had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding the predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge-the wide dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.

In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.

In today's world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions-nor received traceable, recorded answers.

36. Accordign to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by

(A) the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.

(B) companies' financial loss due to immoral practices

(C) governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.

(D) the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.

37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that

(A) Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.

(B) more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.

(C) Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.

(D) phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.

38. The author believes that Rebekah Brooks's defence

(A) revealed a cunning personality.

(B) centered on trivial issues.

(C) was hardly convincing.

(D) was part of a conspiracy.

39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows

(A) generally distorted values.

(B) unfair wealth distribution.

(C) a marginalized lifestyle.

(D) a rigid moral code.

40 Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?

(A) The quality of writings is of primary importance.

(B) Common humanity is central to news reporting.

(C) Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.

(D) Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.

考研英语一阅读历年真题【第四篇】

Text 3

The journal Science is adding an extra source at Peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNott announced today. The Follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that Mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the Published research findings.

“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the Journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the Journal's editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these

Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said,“The creation of the'statistics board'was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science's overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”

Giovanni Parmigiani，a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily on advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”

John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward”and “long overdue,”“Most journals are weak in statistical review，and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,”he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.

Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research，according to David Vaux，a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in ，but journals should also take a tougher line，“engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.”Vaux says that Science's idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit，but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify'the papers that need scrutiny'in the first place.”

31. It can be learned from Paragraph I that

[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.

[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.

[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.

[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.

32. The phrase “flagged up ”()is the closest in meaning to

[A]found.

[B]revised.

[C]marked

[D]stored

33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may

[A]pose a threat to all its peers

[B]meet with strong opposition

[C]increase Science's circulation.

[D]set an example for other journals

34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now

A. adds to researchers' worklosd.

B. diminishes the role of reviewers.

C. has room for further improvement.

D. is to fail in the foreseeable future.

35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?

A. Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers

B. Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect

C. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors' Desks

D. Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science