小学五年级关于时态的英语语法介绍【范例5篇】
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过去式:【第一篇】
表示过去发生的动作或事件, 常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,
含有be动词的句子, 将动词变为过去式,am, is的过去式为was,are的过去式为were
I was at the butcher’s.
You were a student a year ago.
The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.
★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首
Were you at the butcher’s?
Were you a student a year ago?
Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?
★变否定句在be动词后面加not
I was not at the butcher’s.
You were not a student a year ago.
The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes, I was. No, I was not.
Yes, you were. No, you were not.
Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.
★特殊疑问句:
What did you do?
(必背)
不含有be动词的句子,将动词变为过去式
I finished my homework yesterday.
The boy went to a restaurant.
The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.
★变疑问句在句首加did, 动词变为原型
Did you finish your homework yesterday?
Did the boy go to a restaurant?
Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?
★变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not
I did not finish my homework yesterday.
The boy did not go to a restaurant.
The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
Yes, they did. No, they did not.
过去完成时的用法【第二篇】
定义
过去完成时表示过去的时间或者动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
可用“过去的过去”来概括。
句子结构
Had+过去分词
用法
过去的某一动作之前已发生某事,可用由before、after、by the time(等到;到……时候)、by the end of(到……结束时)等时间词引导的,或者也可从上下文中得知动作发生的先后。
By the end of last year, we had learned English for five years.
截止到去年年底,我们已经学了两年英语。
By the time I drove to the airport, the plane had already set off.
在我开车到达机场之前,飞机已经起飞了。
在讲过去发生的事情,例如故事,过去的经历等
The story began when a girl was 10. Her parents had died for six years because of an accident. Her name was Kelly, she lived with her grandma……
故事开头讲一个10岁的女孩。她的父母因为一声意外已经过世有六年了。她的名字叫凯莉,她与她的外婆一起住……
it was the first/second/third……time+句子
It was the first time I had slept outside.
这是我第一次在外头过夜。
It was the second time I had made that mistake.
这是我第二次犯得错误。
常用在宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句中
He said that he had been in China for twenty years. (宾)
他说他在中国已有二十年了。
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack. (状)
当我到达学校时,我意识到我忘了带书包。
She showed me her photos she had took. (定)
她把她拍的照片拿给我看。
5、用于hope(希望)、intend(想要;打算)、mean(意味着)、think(认为)等动词表示未实现的愿望
I had hoped to get home yesterday, but I missed the train.
我本希望是昨天到家的,但错过了火车。
I had thought to watch a film but I did not finish my homework.
我本想着要看一场电影,但我没有做完作业。
现在完成时:【第三篇】
构成:主语+助动词have, has+过去分词
用法:
2) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作,常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用
I have just had lunch. (饱了,不用再吃了)
He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝)
They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)
The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了,不用再看了)
3) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时:
Have you finished your homework?
Have you been to Beijing?
Have he seen the film?
4) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作
I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.
I have worked for this school for 1 year.
5) 表示一种经历,经验:去过…地方,做过…事情,经历过…事情
I have never had a bath.
I have never seen a film.
I have never been to cinema.
I have ever been to Paris.
Have been to表示去过,have gone to 表示去了
I have been to London.(人已经回来)
He has gone to London.(人还在那里)
6) 表示一种结果, 一般不和时间副词联用
I have lost my pen.
I have hurt myself.
He has become a teacher.
She has broken my heart.
句型变化:
★变疑问句将助动词移到句首,变否定句在助动词后面加not.
Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I have. No, I have not.
★特殊疑问句:
What have you done?
What has he done?
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:
凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时
注意:有些动词表示的动作有一个终点,不能再延续,因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用
错:I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.
对:I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.
般将来时:【第四篇】
表示将来将要发生的动作, 经常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours' time, etc. 表示将来的词联用。
结构:主语+助动词will+动词原形
I will go to America tomorrow.
The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.
Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.
★变疑问句将助动词移到句首
Will you go to America tomorrow?
Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?
Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?
★变否定句在助动词后面加not
I will not go to America tomorrow.
The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.
Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I will. / No, I will not.
Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she will not.
Yes, he will. / No, he will not.
★特殊疑问句
What will you do?
现在进行时:【第五篇】
表示现在正在进行的动作。
构成: 主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分
We are having lunch.
He is reading a book.
The dog is running after a cat.
The boys are swimming across the river.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Are we having lunch?
Is he reading a book?
Is the dog running after a cat?
Are the boys swimming across the river?
★变否定句在be动词后面加 not
We are not having lunch.
He is not reading a book.
The dog is not running after a cat.
The boys are swimming across the river.
★特殊疑问句:what, which, how, where, who, etc.
疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词
What are you doing?
What is she doing?
What is the dog doing?
没有进行时的动词(必背)
表示状态,思想,感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作
1. 表示感觉,感官的词
see, hear, like, love, want,
2. have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时