定语从句例句带翻译及讲解4篇

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英语定语从句语法解析【第一篇】

1、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句

定语从句就其与先行词的关系而言,可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。限定性定语从句和先行词之间没有逗号,表示对先行词起修饰限制作用;而非限定性定语从句和先行词之间有逗号分开,是对先行词进行补充说明,相当于并列句。

如:He is the man who has a strong personality. 他是个个性很强的人。(限定性定语从句)

My brother, who works abroad, is coming next week. 我哥哥在国外工作,他下周将回来。(非限定性定语从句)

注:

1) 非限定性定语从句不能用that来引导,一般用which,as或who(指人)。用which或as引导时,既可以修饰主句的部分内容,也可修饰主句的全部内容。如:

He spoke confidently, which impressed me most. (which指代整个主句,在从句中作主语)

2) as引导的非限定性定语从句既可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,但which或who引导的非限定性定语从句不能放在主句之前。如:As we all know, the moon is a satellite of the large area is covered with thick snow, which affects people‘s life greatly.

3) 在限定性定语从句中,关系代词作宾语时可以省略;但在 非限定性定语从句中,关系代词作宾语时不能省略。如:

The film (which) I saw last night is about a young teacher. (which可以省去)

She introduced me to her husband, whom I hadn’t met before. (whom不能省去)

2、只用关系代词that,不用 which,who或whom的几种情况

1)当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none, few等时。如:All that you want are here.

2) 当先行词被all, no, some, any, every, a few, a little, much, only, very等修饰时。如:There is no person that doesn’t make mistakes.

3)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.

4)当出现两个或两个以上的先行词,并同时兼指人和物时。如: We are talking about the people and countries that we have

visited.

5) 当主句是以which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如: Who is the person that is standing over there?

6) 当定语从句为there be 句型时,关系代词只用that,

但经常可以省略。如: I know the difference (that) there is between you.

7)当关系代词在从句中作表语时,常用that。如:He does not seem to be the man that he was

他似乎和过去不一样了。

3、 as 与其他词连用引导的定语从句

as 引导定语从句时,可指人也可指物,通常与the same,such,so等连用,形式为:the same… as,such… as,as …as,so… as。As在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。如:

She knew he felt just the same as she did. 她知道他的感觉与她自己的一样。(as代替事,作宾语)

I lend you such books as will interest you. 我借给你使你感兴趣的书。(as代替物,作主语)

注:the same… as 和the same… that的用法不同。as引导的定语从句表示其内容与主句所讲的事物“相似”,指同类事物;that引导的定语从句表示其内容与主句所讲的`事物是“同一个”,指同一事物。如:

This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 这和我昨天丢的笔一样。(类似的笔)

This is the same pen that I lost yesterday. 这支笔就是我昨天丢的那支。(同一支笔)

4、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

在“介词+which/whom”结构中,介词的选择取决于3种情况:

1)定语从句中谓语动词或表语的搭配。如: This is the college in which I am studying. He is the man about whom we are talking.

2)先行词与介词的习惯搭配。如: The speed at which the machine operates is shown on the meter.

仪表上显示出这台机器运转的速度。

3)当定语从句为最高级时只能用of which; 否则用其他介词。如:  I have five dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best.  I have five dictionaries among which Longman Dictionary is published in UK.

注:不可拆分的动词短语介词不能提前,如put up with;有的短语可能有不同的介词搭配,此时需要根据上下文来确定。如:be familiar with/to,compare with/to等。

有时为表意清楚,还可以在关系副词where/ when前加介词from, to等。如:

China is the birthplace of kites, from

where kite flying spreads to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.

中国是风筝的故乡,从这里,放风筝的运动传到了日本、韩国、泰国和印度。

注 定语从句和同位语从句的区别

定语从句在复合句中的功能相当于形容词,它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用。而同位语从句则属于名词性从句,对与它有同位关系得名词作进一步解释,使其内容具体化。例如:

She felt very sad because of the news that her husband was killed in an aircraft crash. (同位语从句)

The fact that she told me made me very angry. (定语从句)

限制性和非限制性定语从句【第二篇】

1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如:

This is the house which we bought last month.   这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)

2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如:

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。

3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如:

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。

说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

定语从句例句【第三篇】

例句:

was a man whom all his friends admired and who won the respect even of his enimies. 他是个令其朋友全都钦佩的,甚至赢得敌人尊敬的人。

wants you to know that anyone who chooses the path he has chosen is sure to have periodic holiday in jail.他希望你了解,凡是选择了他所选择的那条道路的人,肯定会要定期地到监狱里去度假的。

am the infamous creature you have heard of that lives among the thieves. 我就是你们曾经听说过的那个声名狼藉,跟盗贼为伍的女人。

consider that we use hardly one hundred thousandth of the heat that there is in coal and could be extracted from it. 请想一想,储藏在煤里并可以提取的热量,我们用的还不到十万分之一

's the person (whom)I meet at the club every day and whom I've invited home to dinner tonight. 他是我每天在俱乐部碰到的那个人,我已邀请他今晚到我家进餐。

定语从句误区提醒:

1)当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时,要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词,反之用关系代词。

典型例题:I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.

A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when

答案:A

解析:两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句。

2)当主语为物时,不能用what

3)there be句型中,指人用who指物用that。

4)当主句中缺少主语或表语时,用the one。

5)当出现先行词+介词时,关系词只能用whom或which

6)当出现先行词+介词时,注意判断介词与从句谓语是否有关系,以确定为定语从句

定语从句简单例句【第四篇】

指人在从句中做主语

(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。

(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天,我帮助了一个迷路的老人。

2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(注:who和whom已无太大区别,可以通用。)

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked with on the bus. 刘先生就是在公交车上和你聊天的那个人。

(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友。

注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to. 他就是那个和我聊天的男人。

如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book. 他就是那个有英语书的男人。

指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏。

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔。

4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。

在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen 指物时,常用以下结构来代替

(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

(5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?

(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

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