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关于西安大清真寺的导游词1

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

The Great Mosque at Huajue Lane The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over Moslems in X i'an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People's Govern ment. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into t he clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi'an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic ou tlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds charact eristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles. However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up. Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A. D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants a nd travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meanti me, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the M alacca Strait to China's Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other citie s where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.

However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching fr om Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslem s in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China. Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials wh o were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui pe ople later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty.

In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all ove r China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang's uprising in the early 14th century an d made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predomin ated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslems in Xi'an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China. The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi'an, and at the same time, it i s also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China. According to "the Stele on the Building of the Mosque", the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque sugge sts a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,0 00 are occupied by various structures.

The still intact wooden front memorial gatew ay of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a his tory of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second c ourtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, rec ording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, "May Buddhi sm Fill the Universe", on the other, "Royal -Bestowed"by Dong Qichang, another ma ster of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a "month ta blet", showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was comp iled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of th e Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called "Retrospection Tower"also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship.

Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called "Water Houses"i n the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe the mselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called "the Pavilion of Phoenix", a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small b uildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform oc cupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. The re are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with pa tterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay the ir religious homage. The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their

brothers a nd sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attenti on to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotaler s not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being "unclean". According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few pla ces in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be "thoroughly cleaned"(thoroughly bathe d), has to be put on "Ke Fan"(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funer al. The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen an d freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitt ed. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.

关于西安大清真寺的导游词2

提起清真寺，我们得先谈谈伊斯兰教是何时兴起何时传人中国的，回族是何时形成的。

伊斯兰教是世界性的宗教之一，与佛教、基督教� 伊斯兰教系阿拉伯语音译，意思是 “顺从”、“和平”，指顺从和信仰宇宙独一的最高主宰安拉及其意志，以求得来世的和平与安宁。信奉伊斯兰教的人统称为“穆斯林”，意为“顺从者”。伊斯兰教于公元7世纪初兴起于阿拉伯半岛，由麦加人艾敏(约570-632年)所创造，主要传播于亚洲、非洲，以西亚、北非、中亚、南亚次大陆和东南 20世纪以来，在西欧、北美和南美一些地区也有不同程度的传播和发展。

7世纪中叶，伊斯兰教通过海、陆“丝绸之路”传入中国。据《旧唐书·西域传》等史籍记载，公元651年，大食帝国第三任哈利法奥斯曼 (644-656年在位)首次遣使来华。中、阿两国正式缔交后，大食使节和 “贡史”不断来中国访问。8世纪初，阿拉伯帝国势力东伸，阿拉伯、波斯等地的各族穆斯林商人、传教士通过海上香料之路或陆上“丝绸之路”来到中国。他们来华后，有的集中在中国东南沿海的广州、泉州、扬州、杭州，有的集中在内地的长安、开封等地，从事香料、象牙、珠宝、药材和犀角等物品的贩卖，并带回中国的丝绸、茶叶、瓷器和其他商品。由于当时的阿拉伯人、波斯人以经商为主，中国人称他们为“番客”、“番商”、“胡商”等。他们中有很多人在中国定居下来并和汉族妇女结了婚，成为回族早期的先民。

唐代 “安史之乱”时，大食王曾派3000 (也有说4000)回兵助唐平乱，事后唐王将这批士兵赐居长安，为他们修建清真寺，准许娶中国妇女婚配。他们谨守伊斯兰教义和礼俗，子孙繁衍，世代相� 而大批穆斯林移居中国则在13世纪初。

元代是回族人不断融合其他种族、壮大自已的时代，也是回族共同体主体形成的时代。经过千余年的发展，伊斯兰教在我国内地回、东乡、撒拉、保安和边疆维吾尔、哈萨克、乌兹别克、柯尔克孜、塔吉克、塔塔尔10个民族中，已拥有20__万穆斯林，而且在其他兄弟民族中如蒙古族、藏族、白族、汉族中，也有数量不等的穆斯林，现在西安约有7万穆斯林。

现在请大家随我进入化觉巷清真大寺参观。

据寺内现存石碑记载，化觉巷清真大寺建于公元742年，距今已有1200多年的历史。经宋、元，特别是明、清几次重修和扩建，逐步形成规模宏大，楼、台、亭、殿布局紧凑和谐，庄严肃穆的建筑群。

全寺沿东西轴线分为五个进院，占地万平方米，建筑面积 5000多平方米。前院紧邻照壁的木牌楼，建于17世纪初，距今己有380余年，高约9米，琉璃瓦顶，挑角飞檐，雕梁画栋，与高大的照壁相映衬，极为壮观。南北两边的展室，亦为仿古建筑，剔透玲珑，古香古色。南展室陈列有一些明清红木家具等，尤其是紧靠展室背墙陈列有一件清三代皇宫使用的红木雕刻五爪龙床，极其珍贵。在左厢房紧靠背墙摆放有一对西洋沙发，该对沙发是外国人送给慈禧太后的。在北展室收藏有宋、明书法家的拓片等。

进入悬挂有 “清真寺”匾额的五间楼便来到第一进院。在五间楼迎面一字排开摆放有4件圆形的器物。可能有些朋友会问，它们是干什么用的？你们可以猜猜。猜不着？这不奇怪，《正大综艺》有一期节目就是让观众猜清真大寺这4件圆形器物的用途。结果没人能猜对。好了，现在让我来告诉大家它们的用途：这4件圆形的器物是灯架，在灯架上沿顺时针方向插有两圈30余个灯座。这些灯架在化觉巷清真寺的使用有相当长的历史，它主要用来庆祝 “盖得尔夜”。

盖得尔夜是伊斯兰教对《可兰经》“始将之夜”的敬称。“盖得尔”是阿拉伯语的音译，亦译 “大赦之夜”，又称“平安之意”，意为 “前定”、“高贵”。“盖得尔夜”是指伊斯兰教历的九月二十七 (一说二十五或二十九)日之夜。相传这夜，真主安拉将世间过去的、现在的、未来的一切事物都大体安排好了，所以穆斯林称这一夜为 “前定之夜”。这一夜，安拉通过枷百利天使开始向艾敏圣人颁降《可兰经》，众天使和精灵都奉命降临人间。在这个夜里，做一件善功可获取千月善功的报偿，所以穆斯林称这一夜为 “高贵之夜”。《可兰经》第九十七章即以“盖得尔”命名，认为是高贵的夜间，胜过平时一千个月。所以全世界的穆斯林每逢此珍贵之夜，都要依各个民族的方式举行庆祝活动。这一夜，在穆斯林集中的地方还要张灯结彩，以示庆祝。

西安的穆斯林在纪念日这一天，白天人们要在这些灯座上插上这些菜油灯盏子，然后再添上菜油，等到晚上将油灯点亮，直至通宵。本寺灯架除了在“盖得尔夜”使用之外，在这些灯架阳面，还刻了四个汉字：“祈求和平”，长年摆放在五间楼对面。

好了，现在请随我进入二进院。

大家可以看到，二进院内树木成阴，花圃对称排列，石刻牌坊矗立其间。这个石刻牌坊为三间四柱式，中楣镌刻“天监在兹”4个大字，这 4个字出自《诗经》。分别在 《大雅·大明》和《周颂·敬之》二诗中。《大明》里有 “天监在此，有命既集”的诗句，而《敬之》里有 “涉降撅士，日监在兹”的诗句。“兹”和 “此”这两个字以前通用，意思是 “此地”。题额人将两诗中的相关内容，化成一句话，意思是上天正在监视着我们在此时此地的行动。

两侧坊棉分别镌刻“钦翼昭事”和“虚诚省礼”，东西有踏道，约建于明代。石牌坊西踏道南北两侧各竖立冲天雕龙碑两座，一座为明万历年间立的《敕赐重修清真寺碑》，文为冯从吾所撰，碑阴镌刻宋代大书法家米芾 (回族)手书“道法参天地”;一座为1768年立的《敕修清真寺碑》，碑阴镌刻1621～1627年间礼部侍郎、大书法家董其昌手书 “敕赐礼拜寺”。均为我国书法珍品。

关于西安大清真寺的导游词3

西安化觉大清真寺寺历史悠久，始建于唐天宝元年(742年)，历经宋、元、明、清各代的维修扩建，逐渐形成了今天的巨大古建筑群规模。其建筑风格体现了伊斯兰文化与中国汉文化的有机统一，是迄今为止我国最具特色、保存最完整、最典型的清真寺之一。

全寺布局呈东西向长方形，南北宽约50m，东西长约250m，建筑面积约6000m2。全寺分五进院落，每进庭院均为四合院模式，由楼、台、亭、殿组成。其庭院布置可以说在中国清真寺中别具一格，与阿拉伯风格的堡垒式清真寺风格迥异。中国台湾著名作家柏杨称其为“世界上唯一中国式伊斯兰寺院”，它以清真寺的“另类”风格在中国清真寺中独树一帜。

西安化觉寺是一座历史悠久、规模宏大的中国宫殿式古建筑群，是伊斯兰文化和中国文化相融合的结晶，不仅是回族重要的历史文化遗产，也是汉族和阿拉伯民族的历史文化遗产，更是全人类的宝贵财富。

关于西安大清真寺的导游词4

大清真寺位于西安鼓楼西北的化觉巷内，又称化觉巷清真大寺。它与西安大学习巷清真大寺�

大清真寺始建于唐天宝元年(公元742年)，是一座历史悠久、规模宏大的中国殿式古建筑群，是伊斯兰文化和中国文化相融合的结晶。寺院历经宋、元、明、清各代的维修及保护，才成为目前的格局，是陕西省重点文物保护单位。

大清真寺共有四个院落，布局上采取了中国传统的中轴建筑为主、左右建筑� 寺内处处可见亭台楼阁，雕梁画栋，既有中华民族的传统风格，又有伊斯兰教清真寺的格调和特点，因而在建筑特点上风格特别，独具匠心。

寺内第一进院，古建木牌竖于中央，高大精细，雕绘精美，琉璃瓦顶，非常壮观；第二进院内，中央竖立石牌坊一座，后有“冲天雕龙”石碑以及“敕赐礼拜寺”的“敕赐殿”;第三进院内，省心楼位居中央，乃二层三檐八角形攒顶古楼，其侧建有“讲经堂”，内藏有明代手抄本“古兰经”和天方麦加图；第四进院中央有凤凰亭一座，状如展翼神鸟，随后还有全寺的中心场所——礼拜大殿。大殿约1300平方米，可容纳千余人做礼拜，其内另有井画400余幅，书以阿拉伯文图案，构图各具千秋。

大清真寺景色优美，意境悠远。宁静伫立的古老石质建筑以及色泽黯淡的亭台楼阁，都似由遥远的唐朝一路行将而来，伴有淡淡的孤独气质，记录下片片逝去的时光。

关于西安大清真寺的导游词5

清真大寺位于西安市鼓楼街北隅的化觉巷内。因为它与大进修巷的清真寺对象遥遥相望，并且局限较大，故又被称为东大寺或清真大寺，为世界重点文物掩护单元。

据寺内现存石碑记实，清真大寺建成唐玄宗李隆基天宝元年(742年)，距今已有1250多年的汗青。经宋、元、明、清屡次重修和护建，慢慢形陈局限弘大，楼台、亭殿机关紧凑调和，肃静肃穆的构筑群。清真寺前后分四个院落，占地面积13000多平方米，构筑面积5000多平方米。前院紧临照壁的木牌坊，高约9米，琉璃瓦顶，挑角飞檐，雕梁画栋，极为壮观。南北双方为仿古构筑的迎接室。

第二院是悬挂“清真寺”匾额的五间楼。院内树木成荫，花园对称分列，石制牌楼耸立其间，碑阴雕刻有闻名书法家米芾、董其昌的题字。

第三院是敕赐殿，院中央是三层布局优良的八角形省心楼。南北两厢是经堂、宫殿，内里珍藏有阿拉伯文和华文翻译的《古兰经》及贵重书画等。

第四院中心是一真亭，又名凤凰亭，南北各有面宽七间的厅房。南厅后有石碑廊，陈列着建设和重修清真寺的碑刻。

一真亭后有海棠形鱼池喷泉，亭南北各有一座碑亭。进石门，走上辽阔的大月台，大殿就在正端。大殿面阔7间，进深9间，面积约1300平方米，可容纳千余人同时作星期。殿内天棚藻井，有画600余幅，彩绘图案纷歧，墙壁刻蔓草斑纹，套刻古兰经，构图着色，均示意中国伊斯兰教寺院构筑和宗教彩画的特色。