英语语法目的状语从句用法【最新4篇】

【路引】由阿拉题库网美丽的网友为您整理分享的“英语语法目的状语从句用法【最新4篇】”文档资料，以供您学习参考之用，希望这篇范文对您有所帮助，喜欢就复制下载支持吧！

状语从句复习【第一篇】

何堪美

（1） --- 基本概念、难点和易错点 状语从句的难点在于对较为复杂的连接词的理解。 1. 时间状语从句 时间状语从句的连接词较为复杂，尤其要注意某些关联词之间的区别。 连接词： when; whenever; as; while; until; once; as soon as; before; after; since; ever since; … 例句： * I’ll tell him when /as soon as /after he comes back. *Boards are laid down to protect the stones while the repair work is going on. (while此时强调在…期间。) *As he spoke two men came down the garden path. (As此时强调时间状语从句的动作与主句动作同时发生。) *He was about to leave when the telephone rang. （when此时强调时间的一点。） * Three months passed before I realized it. * It’ll be years before we can see each other again. （以上两句中的before基本含义是“在… 之前”，但在中文表达上却要有十分灵活的译法， 如第一句译为“不知不觉三个月过去了。第二句译为 “我们要过好多年才能再见。） * I have been writing a play ever since / since I came over. (ever since 是since 的强调形式，意为“自从… 起至今”，since/ever since 引导的从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。) * Once you begin you couldn’t stop. （once 意为“一旦”，= from the moment that ） * Whenever he stayed home in the evening he went to bed early. (这里需注意whenever与 when的区别。whenever = any time when,指多次。when则指某一次如：When he stayed home last Sunday evening, he went to bed early.) * He didn’t leave until I came back ( not… until意为“直到……才”全句译为“他直到我回来才走。”上面的句子还可以用另种方式表达He stayed until I came back.可以看出didn’t leave = stayed, until是指主句的动作直延续until后的动作发生为止 练习（练习答案在本单元结束时给出。） 1. She comes to talk to me ___ she feels lonely 2. ____ you object to （反对）a man, everything he does is wrong。 3. We haven’t seen each other _____we saw last。 4. I never ______ yesterday spoke of it to anyone. 5. I will be kind to him _____ you are away. 6. I will tell him about it ___ he comes back. 7. It was a long time ___ I got to sleep again. 8. It won’t be long ___ you’ll have to recycle your rubbish. 2．地点状语从句 连接词 where, wherever 地点状语从句的连接词较为简单wherever = any where 练习： 1. Wuhan lies ___ the Changjiang and Han River meet. 2. ______ I live there are plenty of sheep. 3. _____ I am I will be thinking of you. 4. They went ______ they could find work. 3．原因状语从句 连接词 because; as; since; now that（既然）; for 例句：

*He didn’t go to school because his mother was ill. （because从句表主句动作发生的直接原因，常常位于主句后。） *Since /Now that/ As you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else. （since, as, no that意为“既然”，它们表原因的口气较because弱，它们引导的从句常常位于主句之前。） * It must be 6 o’clock in the morning, for the birds are singing. （显然for引导的从句the birds are singing决不是It must be 6 o’clock的直接原因，而是表说话人在主句中表达的推测的根据。 练习： 1. _______ everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting。 2. I do it _____I like it. 3. He must have realized my surprise, ______ he smiled as he repaired my shoes. 4. He must have arrived in Shanghai, _____ he left two days ago. 4.条件状语从句 连接词： if; unless ; as (so) long as (只要)；suppose ( 假设); on condition that (条件是); … 例句： * You’ll be late unless you hurry. * You’ll be late if you don’t hurry. (可以看出 unless = if … not ) * As (So) long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to solve the problem. ( as (so) long as 意为 “只要… 就…”) * Suppose we can’t get the necessary equipment, what shall we do? (suppose 意为 “万一” “假设”) * We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. (on condition that在此句中可译为“如果”，但其实际含义为“以…为条件”。) 练习： 1. I am happy _______ you are happy. 2. _______ your father saw you what would he say? 3. He was allowed to go swimming _____ he kept near the other boys. 练习答案： 时间状语从句 1. whenever 2. Once 3. since / ever since 4. until 5. while 6. when / after/ as soon as 7. before 8. before 地点状语从句

状语从句复习（2）

--- 基本概念、难点和易错点

5. 目的状语从句

连接词：

in order that; so that; that; in case (以免)； for fear that (唯恐)；…

例句：

*Let’s hurry so that / in order that / that we can catch the early bus.

(so that = in order that, that 是so that 的省略形式)

* We all seemed afraid to say what was in our minds, for fear that it might start trouble.

(显然， for fear that 与上句中的关联词含义正好相反，表达“担心”或“不愿发生”的结果。)

* Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

（in case 意为 “以防万一”）

练习：

1. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some _____.

2. He is working hard ______ he should fall behind.

3. We sent the letter by air mail _______ it might reach them in good time.

6. 结果状语从句

连接词：

so… that; such… that; so that; that; so;…

例句：

* We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

* He was so excited that he could hardly go to sleep.

* He didn’t plan the time well, so that (so) he didn’t finish the work on time.

* What has happened that you all look so excited?

( so that 既可引导目的状语从句又可引导结果状语从句， 一般讲，表目的状语从句中有may, might, can, could 出现， 如： We sent the letter by air mail so that it might reach them in good time. 另外， 表结果时， 还可用 that或so, 它们相当于 so that.)

练习：

1. He got up late _____ he missed the early bus.

2. This is ______ a good film _____ everybody wants to see it.

7. 让步状语从句

连接词：

though (although); 虽然

even if (even though); 即使；即便

no matter(who/ what/ where/ …); 无论谁 (什么， 哪 …)

( = whoever; whatever, wherever, …)

例句：

* Although/ though I tried several times, I failed in the end.

* Even if he comes here, he won’t help us.

* However much I tried, I failed to work it out.

* No matter where he goes, he is always ready to help others.

练习：

1. We’ll try to finish the work in time ____ we are short of manpower.

2. You mustn’t be conceited (骄傲)______ you’ve achieved great success.

3. Do what you think is right ______ difficulties you may have.

练习答案：

目的状语从句

1. in case 2. for fear that 3. so that / that / in order that

结果状语从句

1. so that / so / that 2. such … that

让步状语从句

1. though; although / even if; even though

( though; although 表示我们缺人手； 虽然缺， 也要尽力完成工作。 ; even if; even though 则表示我们不一定缺人手， 即便缺，也要…)

2. though; although / even if; even though (区别同上)

3. whatever / no matter what

状语从句复习（3）

--- 基本概念检测

I. 单项选择

1. _____ Mary is grown up, it doesn’t mean that she can do whatever she likes.

A. Because B. After C. Though D. Since

2. You had better go home and feed the cat ______ it decides to bite the furniture.

A. until B. before C. after D. when

3. Let’s begin our class ______ everybody is here.

A. although B. until C. even if D. now that

4. He was about to leave _______ I got there.

A. until B. when C. before D. as soon as

5. _____ days went on, the weather got worse.

A. With B. Since C. While D. As

6. I will start to work ______ I am given enough money.

A. unless B. though C. as long as D. even if

7. He never thought that his success came ______ he least wanted it.

A. while B. until C. since D. when

8. It will not be long _______ we meet again.

A. before B. soon C. since D. after

9. You are going to miss the bus ______ you hurry.

A. even B. if C. how D. unless

10. ______ reason, you should not have refused his invitation.

A. However B. What C. Whatever D. No matter

11. You may leave the classroom when you ____ writing.

A. will finish B. are finishing C. have finished D. had finished

12. ________, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

A. However late is he B. However he is late

C. However is he late D. However late he is

13. She was ill, ______ she didn’t come to school this morning.

A. since B. because C. as D. for

14. Write clearly ______ your teacher can understand you correctly.

A. since B. for C. because D. so that

15. Why do you want a new job _______ you’ve got such a good one already?

A. that B. where C. which D. when

16. You should make it a rule to leave things ______ you can find them again.

A. when B. where C. then D. there

17. ________ he comes, we won’t be able to go.

A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even

18. --- What was the party like?

--- Wonderful. It was years _______ I had enjoyed myself so much.

A. after B. when C. before D. since

19. John plays football _____, if not better than, David.

A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as

20. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _____ Father was away in France.

A. as B. that C. during D. if

21. --- I’m going to the post office.

--- _______ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?

A. As B. While C. Because D. If

22. The WTO cannot live up to its name _______ it does not include a country that is

home to one fifth of mankind.

A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though

23. --- I got ________ I am by hard work.

--- No, you didn’t. You got ________ with your father’s money.

A. there; where B. where; there C. there; there D. where; where

24. ______ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.

A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as

25. I ________ to bed until father came back.

A. went B. hadn’t gone C. didn’t go D. would go

26. I don’t think she’ll be upset, but I’ll see her ________ she is.

A. unless B. in case C. if D. although

27. ________ I live, I will work for my country.

A. So far B. So long as C. If D. While

28. Most plants need sunlight just _______ they need water.

A. because B. when C. as D. for

29. ________ you are willing to bring your camera, we could still take some pictures.

A. Although B. Because C. No matter how D. Whether or not

30. _______ I tried, I couldn’t fill the pen with ink.

A. Whatever B. However C. When D. Whenever

答案：

1---5 CBDBD 6---10 CDADC 11---15 CDDDD

16---20 DBDBA 21---25 BCBAC 26---30 BBCDB

注释：

No. 5 : as 意为 “随着”

No. 7: when 指时间的 “一点”, 此句指 “他在最不抱希望的那一刻获得了成功。”

No. 11 : 状语从句中的动作如发生在将来，时态要用一般现在时， 如强调动作的

结果， 可用现在完成时。

No. 12: 注意，所有从句都要用陈述语序，另外，however 与late 不可分。

No. 13: She was ill, 实际是说话人的一种推测，即：She must have been ill.

No. 15:job 后非定语从句，故A和C都是错误的，全句意为“当（时间的一点）

你已经得到这么好的工作的时候，干吗还要再找新的工作呢？”

No. 19:as well as 引导的是比较状语从句。全句意为“ John踢足球如果不比David

好，至少也和他一样好。

No. 21:对话第一句表明对话前者已决定去邮局，故D错；另外去邮局和帮买邮

票也不存在因果关系，故C错；while 此时强调“在… 期间”。

: 全句意为“既然(now that)你能得到这样一个机会，你也完全可以充分利

用它。

No. 28: as 意为“正如”。

No. 29: we could still take some pictures 意为“我们仍旧可以照相”，由此判定从

句意为“无论你愿不愿意带相机”， 故D为正确选项。

由以上分析可以看出，状语从句连接词的确定主要取决于句子的含义，在有上下文时，更要注意上下文的提示作用；而正确理解状语从句的含义，对于理解结构复杂的文章则起着至关重要的作用。

1. where 2. Where 3. Wherever 4. where 或

状语从句【第二篇】

Unit13 状语从句

一、考点聚焦%

1、时间状语从句

（1）as、when、while用法一览表。

类别 作 用 例 句

as as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 She came up as I was cooking.(同时)

The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)

when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)

When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)

while while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。 Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.

He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁……”)

（2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：

①till, not … until …, until, before, since

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.

He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve o’clock.

It will be five years before he returns from England.

②hardly / scarcely … when, no sooner … than, as soon as once

表示“一……就”

As soon as I have finished it , I’ll give yu a call.

Once you show any fear, he will attack you.

We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it

began to rain.

No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.

③directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that… 一……就

He made for the door directly he heard the knock.

④each time, every time, by the time

Each time he came to my city, he would call on me.

注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。

2、让步状语从句

（1）although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。

Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted.

（2）even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。

I’ll get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.

（3）no matter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。

Don’t trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.

Whoever breaks the law will be published.

No matter how hard the work is, you’d better try to do it well.

（4）as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。

Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.

Much as I like it, I won’t buy.

Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.

3、原因状语从句：because, for, as, since, now that

（1）表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。

You want to know why I’m leaving? I’m leaving because I’m full.

for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是并列连词。如果不是因果关系，而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时，只能用for。如：It’s morning now, for the birds are singing.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。）

（2）表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前，但有时却相反。

Seeing all of the children already seated, he said,“Since everyone is here, let’s start.”

(3)下列情况下只能使用because:

①在回答why的问句时；

②在用于强调句型时；

③被not所否定时。

4、地点状语从句：where, wherever

Make a mark wherever you have any questions.

We will go where the Party directs us.

5、目的状语从句：that, so that, in order that

注意：目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。

6、结果状语从句：that, so that, so … that, such … that …

注意：so + 形容词/副词 + that从句；such + 名词 + that从句。

7、方式状语从句：as, as if(though)

I’ll do as I am told to.

It looks as if it is going to rain.

8、比较状语从句：than, as

9、条件状语从句：if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that.

注意if与unless的区别：不能用and连接两个unless从句，即不能有… unless …,and unless … 。但if … not and if … not却不受此限。

You won’t lose your weight unless you eat less and unless you exercise more.(×)

但可以说 … unless you eat less and exercise more.

10、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象

（1）连接词 + 过去分词

Don’t speak until spoken to.

Pressure can be incrased when needed.

Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.

（2）连词 + 现在分词

Look out while crossing the street.

（3）连词 + 形容词/其他

常见的有it necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。

二、精典名题导解'

选择填空

1. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some ____________.

(NMET )

last case again time

解析：答案为B。句意为“带些钱以防万一”，只能选择in case。引导的条件状语从句，后面省略了I should need it。

2. The WTO can’t live up to its name _________ it doesn’t include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.（NMET 2000）

long as though

解析：答案为C。本题考查状语从句的用法。句意为“假如世贸组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的中国的话，那它就名不副实”。as long as语气过于强烈，while和even though不符合句意。

3、Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up_________I could answer the phone.(NMET 2000)

解析：答案为C。题意为：半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及就挂了。but暗示在接话前就挂了。

状语从句的时态【第三篇】

1、状语从句即指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句等。

2、时间状语从句：是由when、as、while、after、before、since、until、as soon as等从属连词引导的状语从句。时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时，只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的`动作或存在的状态。

3、原因状语从句：because、since、as和for都表示原因。because语势最强，回答why提出的问题，用来说明人所不知的原因。当能够很明显的看出原因或人们已知原因，就用as或since。由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。

4、目的状语从句：表示目的状语的从句可以由in order that、so that等词引导。

5、结果状语从句：结果状语从句常由so...that或such...that引导，要掌握和区分这两个句型，首先要了解so和such后面分别跟什么词。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many、few、much、little连用，形成固定搭配。

6、让步状语从句：是由though、although引导的状语从句。

状语从句【第四篇】

状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、原因、条件、、让步、地点、目的、结果、方式、比较等九种。

1．时间状语从句

时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, before, after, (ever) since, till, until, as soon as等从属连词引导。

When he was skating round the lake, he suddenly fell.

I haven’t heard from him since he left school.

As soon as he appeared on the stage, the audience began to cheer.

注意：时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来意义。例如：

I will go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.

I will send you email as soon as I reach New York.

1）when, while, as引导时间状语从句时的异同

when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词；从句的动作可以和主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生，此时相当于after。当when从句谓语动词是延续性动词时，可与while互换。

I often missed my home a lot when I was abroad.. ( =while )

When they came home, I was cooking dinner. (不能用while)

When the film ended, people rushed out of the hall. ( =after )

when从句置于主句后面，同时从句中谓语动词又是短暂性动词时，常表示“此时突然……”。

I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.

He was enjoying his dinner when a loud noise came on the door.

while引导的动作必须是持续性的，强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，有时侧重主句和从句动作的对比。

He took a bath while I was preparing dinner.

as常可与when, while通用，但它较强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，常译作“边……边”也可用来说明两种正在发展和变化的情况，此时常译作“随着”。

He sang happily as he walked along the path.

The day gets longer and longer as summer comes.

2）until, till引导的时间状语从句

主句谓语动词为延续性动词时，主句和从句都用肯定句式，意为“一直到”，表示主句动作一直延续到until/till从句表示的时间才终止；主句谓语动词为短暂性动词时，主句用否定式，从句用肯定式，意思是“一直到才”，表示主句动作到until/till从句表示的时间才开始。

He worked until/till it was dark.

He didn’t work until/till it was dark.

until和till意义相同，通常可换用，但在强调结构、倒装句或句首，一般用until。例如：

I didn’t know about it until/till he told me.

It was not until he told me that I knew about it.

Not until he told me did I know about it.

3）since引导的时间状语从句和before引导的时间状语从句

since从句中的动词不同，其起算时间也不同。since + 瞬间动词过去时，从该动作发生时起算；since + 延续性动词过去时，从该动作结束时起算。试比较：

He has worked very hard since he entered the factory.

(enter为瞬间性动词，该句意为“从他入厂以来，他工作一直非常努力。”)

We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.

(work为延续性动词，该句意为“从我不在工厂以来，我们没见过面。”可说成

We haven’t seen each other since I stopped working in the factory.）

since常用于It’s + some time + since sb. did sth.结构。试比较：

It’s two years since he joined the army. （他参军有两年了。）

It’s two years since he was a soldier. （他退役有两年了）

before有时可译为“还没……就”。如：

He had measured me before I could say a word. （我还没来得及说话他就给我量好了尺寸。）

I hadn’t waited long before he came. （我还没等多久他就来了。）

I slipped out before the lecture started. （还没等讲座开始我就溜了出去。）

before也可用于it结构，与since结构比较相似，注意它们所用时态的区别，其结构通常是

It will be + some time + before sb. does sth. 或It was + some time + before sb. did sth.. 可表示将来或过去两个概念。常译作“……才……”。例如：

He is leaving for Australia and it will be three years before he comes back.

(他要去澳大利亚了，三年后才会回来。)

(Duing the war he joined the army and it was three years before he came back.

（战争期间他参了军，三年后才回来了。）

4）as soon as等意为“一……就”的时间状语从句的几种不同表达

as soon as表示“一……就”，在表述已发生的动作时，hardly…when, no sooner…than也可表示同样的意思，但主句谓语动词要用过去完成时，从句用过去时，还可转换成倒装结构。

As soon as he saw the policeman, he ran away.

= He had hardly seen the policeman when he ran away.

= Hardly had he seen the policeman when he ran away.

= He had no sooner seen the policeman than he ran away.

= No sooner had he seen the policeman than he ran away.

immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant,也可引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思，用法也与as soon as基本相同。上述句子可转换成：

He ran away immediately/directly/instantly he saw the policeman.

He ran away the moment/the minute/the instant he saw the policeman.

5）the moment, the minute, the instant, the day, the year, the first time, last time, each/every time, next time, by the time等少数表示时间概念的短语也可引导时间状语从句。例如：

I recognized her the minute I saw her.

Her son was born the day Hongkong returned to its motherland.

He left Europe the year World War Ⅱ broke out.

He was attracted by the beauty of the city the first time he went there.

Last time I saw her, she was writing a book.

Don’t refer to the dictionary each/every time you come upon a new word.

I will go to the seaside next time I go to Dalian.

He had finished learning advanced mathematics by the time he was 14.

2．原因状语从句

1）原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。because引导的从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后面，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句。回答why问句、用于强调结构都用because。如：

He had to do a part-time job after work because he needed money for his marriage.

---Why didn’t he come yesterday?

---Because he had something important to do.

It was because he lost it that he found it more valuable than ever.

since和as引导的原因从句更多见于句首，表示明显的、已知的事实，语气比because弱，分别可译作“既然”、“由于”，着重点在主句。

Since you have to stay at home, why don’t you do some shopping on computer?.

As the weather is fine, let’s go fishing.

for也可引导表示原因的句子，但它是个并列连词，通常表示一种推测的原因或附加的说明，语气最弱，一般不放在句首，前面常有逗号分隔。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

2）now that, seeing that, considering that等也可以引导表示原因的从句， 语气相当于since，常译作“既然”，口语中that可省去。例如：

Now (that) my watch has been sold, what’s the use of the watch chain?

Seeing (that) you’re already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside.

3．条件状语从句

条件句可分为真实条件句和非真实条件句，非真实条件句在虚拟语气中有详细表述，这里只讨论真实条件句。引导条件句常用的有if, unless, as(so) long as, in case等，when, once, suppose (that) 或supposing (that)，on condition that 也可引导表示条件的从句。条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，表示将来要用一般现在时。例如：

The bell is rung if there is a fire.

We won’t let you in unless you show your pass.

You may use my bike as/so long as you return it before Friday.

In case anything important happens, please call me up.

Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong.

Once you taste the noodles, you’ll never forget their delicious flavour.

Suppose/Supposing (that) you fail again this time, what will you do?

He agreed to lend him the money on condition that he paid back three times more money in three months’ time.

4．让步状语从句

1）通常由though, although, even/though引导，主句中不能用but，但可用yet。如：

He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold.

Although/though he is quite old, (yet) he still tries to learn more.

I’ll try to finish the work myself even if/though it takes me days.

3） whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however 引导状语从句时，分别相当于no matter what/who/which/when/where/how引导的从句，意为“无论……”。例如：

Whatever/No matter what he said, no one believed him.

Whoever/No matter who breaks the law, he will be punished.

Whichever/No matter which job you take, you should try to do well in it.

Whenever/No matter when I need his help, he comes immediately.

Wherever/No matter where you go, never forget your motherland.

However/No matter how busy he was, he would watch TV sports news every night.

注意whatever, whoever, whichever又可引导名词性从句，注意区别。可参阅本章第一节。

3）as引导让步状语从句要倒装，其结构通常是“noun/adj/adv + as + 主语+谓语(+其它成分)，主句”，可转换成though/although从句。

Child as he is, he knows a lot. （注意：名词前不用冠词）

=Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot.

Difficult as the task was, they managed to finish it in time.

=Although/Though the task was difficult, they managed to finish it in time.

Much as I like it, I will not buy it.

=Although/Though I like it much, I will not buy it.

偶尔也可见用动词提前的让步状语从句。例如：

Try as he may, he can hardly do better than she.

=Although/Though he may try, he can hardly do better than she.

4）whether…or也可引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter whether…or”。

Whether you come in winter or in summer, you will find it a nice place.

=No matter whether you come in winter or in summer, you will find it a nice place.

5．地点状语从句

1）地点状语从句常由where和wherever引导，通常可置于主句之前或之后。。

I found the books where I left them.

Make a mark where you have any questions.

We should go where(ver) we are most needed.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

Where there is water, there is life.

2）where引导的状语从句和where引导的定语从句常可转换，判断它属于哪类从句的关键是看where前面有没有被修饰的、表示地点的先行词。试比较：

Stand where you are! （状语从句）

Stand at the place where you are! （定语从句）

Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy. （状语从句）

Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy. （定语从句）

6．目的状语从句

1）目的状语从句通常由 (so) that, in order that引导，在口语或非正式文体中，有时也会用that或so引导。in order that 引导的目的从句可以放在主句后面，也可放在主句前面，而so that引导的从句通常放在主句后面。目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may(might), can(could), should, will等情态动词。例如：

He always takes a seat in the first row so that/in order that he can hear better.

（也可说成He always takes a seat in the first row so/that he can hear better.但用的较少。）

=In order that he can hear better, he always taked a seat in the first row.

The actress wore ordinary clothes in order that/so that she might not be recognized easily.

=In order that she might not be recognized easily, the actress wore ordinary clothes.

2）in case, for fear that, lest 等也可以引导目的状语从句，表示 “以防…、以免…” 。如：

He left early in case he should miss the train.

Take your raincoat in case it rains/should rain.

Mother hid the sweets and chocolates lest/for fear that her son should see them.

7．结果状语从句

1）结果状语从句常由so that, so… that, such… that等引导，放在主句之后，so…that与such…that句型在一定条件下可转换。例如：

The lift was out of order, so that we had to walk to the 18th floor.

He was so angry that he left the room without saying a word.

He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.

=He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him.

在口语中也可用that引导结果从句。例如：

What have I said that he should be so angry with me?

2）so that引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的辨别

so that从句之前有逗号的常为结果状语从句，因表示某一行为带来的结果，从句中的时态常为过去式；so that从句中有may(might), can(could), should, will等情态动词的通常是目的状语从句。例如：

I wrote as clearly as possible so that I might get high marks. （目的）

I wrote as clearly as possible, so that I got high marks. （结果）

He went to the lecture early so that he could get a good seat. （目的）

He went to the lecture early, so that he got a good seat. （结果）

8．方式状语从句

1）方式状语从句常由 (just) as, as if/though引导，表示动作的方式。

Do exactly as the doctor says.

He walked slowly as if/though he had hurt his leg.

注：在非正式文体中有时会用like代替as引导方式从句。

2）as if/though 引导的状语从句，若描述非事实情况，常用虚拟语气，若描述的是实际情况，用陈述语气。例如：

She treats the orphan as if/though he were her own child.

（他是孤儿，当然就不是她的亲生孩子，故用虚拟语气。）

It looks as if/though it’s going to rain.

（本句用的是陈述语气，说明天真象是要下雨了。）

3）the way 也可用来引导方式状语从句。例如：

Mary smiled the way (in which/that) her mother did at her age.

（马丽跟她母亲在她那个年纪时笑起来一个样。）

9．比较状语从句

1）比较状语从句常由as … as, not so (as) … as, than引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。例如：

His brother is as handsome as he (is)/him. （非正式英语中可用宾格him）

He swims faster than any other student in his class (does).

2）通常把the more…the more…结构也归为比较从句，意为“越……越”。如：

The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.

The less she worred, the better she worked.

典型例题分析

1．If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is. (’95)

A what B how C however D whatever

解析：本题考查-ever类词引导让步状语从句的用法。根据句意“无论困难有多大”，排除答案A/B，whatever=no matter what，后面跟名词或直接跟从句，however=no matter how，后跟形容词或副词，再接主语和谓语，故答案为C。

2．Mother was worried because Alice was ill, especially ____ Father was away in France. (’94)

A as B that Cduring D if

解析：根据前半句“妈妈因为Alice病了很着急”，后面有表示递进意义的词especially，顺着句意推测，应该是“尤其是因为父亲远在法国”，表示原因，故答案为A。注意during是介词，不能引导从句。

3．Why do you want a new job ____ you’ve got such a good one already? (’98)

A that B where C which D when

解析：本题考查when引导原因状语从句的特殊用法。本句意为“既然你已经有了一个好工作，为什么还要找份新工作呢？”A/B/C都没有表示原因的意思，不符合句意，故答案为D。

4．---What was the party like?

---Wonderful! It’s years ____ I enjoyed myself so much. (’93)

A after B before C when D since

解析：本题考查学生对”“It’s some time since sb. did sth.”结构的掌握，因一A/C般不用于此类句型，因此干扰最强的是before，而before常用句型为“It will be some time before sb. does sth.”，根据句子的意思及句中所用的时态，D为最佳选择。

5．We won’t give up ____ we should fail ten times. (’93)

A even if B since C whether D until

解析：解本题的关键是弄清空格前后两部分的关系，最佳的连接关系应该是“即使失败十次，我们也不放弃。” 符合句意的只有答案A。

6．John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.

A which B when C so that D as if

解析：分析句子意思，发现“John把每个人都关在厨房外”的目的就是为了“能够准备他那别出心裁的晚会”，从句中的could是目的状语从句的标志，因此答案为能够引导目的状语从句的so that ( C )。

7．After the war, a new school building was put up ____ there had once been a theatre. (’97)

A that B where C which D when

解析：分析题干和选项，不难发现句子要表达的意思，“战后，在过去的剧院旧址上，新建了一所学校。”从空格到句末应该是一个表示地点的状语从句，故答案为B。

8．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants. (97’)

A however B whatever C whichever D whenever

解析：本题句中从空格处到句末为一宾语从句，作give的直接宾语，因此排除答案A和D，而whichever引导名词性从句时， 所指代的名词应是已知范围内的人或物，通常在上文已经提到过或者在whichever后有该名词或of结构。Whatever在引导名词性从句时意为“anything that”，用于不定范围的情况，本句意为“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的”，不确指什么东西，因此答案为B。

摘自《新编名师导学》

苏州市苏苑中学 许凤编写