麦积山石窟导游词讲解【5篇】

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麦积山石窟导游词讲解【第一篇】

maijishan, located in the south of maijishan township, beidao district, 50 kilometers southeast of tianshui city, is an isolated peak in xiaolong mountain of west qinling mountains. maijishan scenic area covers a total area of 215 square kilometers, including maijishan, xianrenya, shimen, quxi and jieting ancient town. maijishan grottoes is one of the four largest grottoes in china, and the other three grottoes are: dunhuang mogao grottoes, longmen grottoes and yungang grottoes. maijishan grottoes is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a world-famous art treasure house.

maiji mountain is a typical danxia landform. it is named for its shape like a farmers wheat pile. the cliff rises from the ground, 80 meters high. the mountain is steep, surrounded by green trees and a quiet environment. at the end of the western han dynasty, maiji mountain had become the summer palace of famous tianshui general kaixiao. there are more than 7200 statues and murals of more than 1300 square meters, which are distributed in 194 caves, similar to dunhuang mogao grottoes and daan grottoes like yungang grottoes and luoyang longmen grottoes, they have precious art treasures. in terms of artistic features, dunhuang focuses on gorgeous murals, yungang and longmen are famous for their magnificent stone carvings, while maiji mountain is famous for its exquisite statues. as our sculptor liu kaiqu praised: maijishan is ”a large sculpture museum in chinese history.“

maiji mountain has a long history and enjoyed a high reputation as early as 1620 x years ago. in yutang gossip written by the five dynasties, it is said that ”maiji mountain people, crossing the qingwei river in the north, gradually becoming two dangs in the south, with five hundred li hills and hills. maiji is in the middle of the mountain. a stone rises up and looks up to a hundred zhang high. it looks like a group of people accumulating wheat, so it has this name.“. du fu wrote a poem praising: ”there are few remnant monks in the wild temples. the mountains are round and the roads are high. musk sleeps carnation, parrot pecks golden peach. stones pass through, cliff house prison, the top heavy pavilion night, a hundred miles to see qiuhao maijishan grottoes were built with the smooth development of the silk road from the post qin period. according to the biography of eminent monk liang, during the yongchu period of the southern song dynasty, the eminent monk tan hongchan lived in maiji mountain. soon after, the famous monk xuangao arrived, and they lived together in temples, often with more than 300 apprentices. in the western wei dynasty, yifu, the original queen of emperor wen of wei dynasty, died here and “chiseled maiji cliff and buried it as a niche.” in the years of baoding and tianhe in the northern zhou dynasty, li yunxin, the governor of qinzhou, built seven buddha pavilions for his dead father. he once asked geng xin to write a preface to the inscription of maijiya buddha niche in tianshui county of qinzhou for him. in the fourth year of renshou, emperor wen of sui dynasty, the envoys of qinzhou built a seven level pagoda on the top of maiji mountain, which is said to be one of the 84000 pagodas of asoka. so far, the pagoda is still standing on the top of the mountain, but it only has five levels and has been rebuilt in recent years.

when people enter the maiji mountain scenic spot, the first thing they see is a group of sculptures carved on the cliff. there is a buddha in the middle, which is 15 meters high. there are two bodhisattvas standing in front of them, smiling and welcoming the tourists. when you walk to the front of the mountain and look up, you can see that the niches and caves are as dense as the peak rooms, and the eaves are built according to the caves. the trestle ladder is built on the cliff, and the shallow niche and deep cave are dug on the cliff. the construction is superb and magnificent, and the project is extremely dangerous and magnificent. although tourists and poets of all ages have been greatly admired, few of them dare to climb to the top. wang renyu, a poet of five dynasties, bravely climbed the cliff before he wrote: “climb the cliff and climb the stairs, and you can be with the white clouds at leisure; the hills are small in front of the eaves, and the sun is low on the hall; the dangerous people are few on the top road, and the ancient rock pines and cranes frequently inhabit; in order to leave a name on the edge of the sky, you should brush the stone and ask yourself.” my personal sense of life. however, after large-scale reinforcement and repair of the plank road, the crumbling cliff has been stabilized, and the plank road on the mountain is wide and tidy, safe and reliable. the dangerous scene in wang renyus works has long been history. people can safely and boldly visit each cliff pavilion, enter each cave at will, and enjoy the beautiful scenery at the foot of the mountain with unrestrained feelings.

maiji mountain is 142 meters high. most of the grottoes are cut in the air on 20 to 70 meters high cliffs. there are cliff pavilions, mogao grottoes, cliff niches, mountain buildings and corridors. the caves are shaped like herringbone roof, square collapse roof, arched lintel, dome, square lintel flat roof, square lintel covered caisson, square flat roof, small circular niche and yu top. these different types of cave niches and cliff pavilions are the material materials for studying the cultural exchange between china and the west and the evolution and development of architectural structure. according to records, when the grottoes were excavated in those years, timber was piled up from the bottom to the top, and then construction was carried out. one layer was built, and the other layer was demolished until the foot of the mountain. according to legend, when li yunxin built the seven buddha pavilion for his dead father, he used 400000 people. until now, there are still local ballads: “after cutting nanshan firewood, build maiji cliff”, “first there is wanzhang firewood, then there is maiji cliff”. even the first american tourists praised the maijishan grottoes as “one of the seven major projects in the world” in the 1947 peace daily.

maijishan grottoes used to be a complete mountain. in the 22nd year of kaiyuan of tang dynasty, a strong earthquake occurred in tianshui area, which destroyed the middle part of the cliff. the whole grottoes were spanided into two parts: east cliff and west cliff. there are 54 caves in dongya and 140 caves in xiya. because maijishan stone is purple brown hydrous parent rock, it is not suitable for fine carving, so most of them use clay sculpture and painting. the main themes of maijishan statues are buddha, bodhisattva, disciple, king of heaven, and strongman. although the statues of different generations are in the same hall, they do not follow and imitate, but maintain their own characteristics of the times, and systematically reflect the development and evolution of clay sculpture art in china. whether its a giant statue as high as 15 meters or a small statue as small as meters, it gives people a sense of beauty. after visiting the maijishan statue, soviet sculptor ni klinduhov said excitedly: “the sculptures of the northern wei dynasty and song dynasty are the most fascinating to me. they have amazing inner world, expressive composition and majestic shape. ”

there are thousands of maijishan statues. here, only a few representative masterpieces can be pointed out, which play the role of “seeing a spot and knowing the whole leopard”. the most magnificent statue on dongya is the seven buddha pavilion in cave 4. there are 42 statues of bodhisattvas in the seven niches. they are dignified, amiable, gorgeous, and full of human kindness, kindness, and secular feelings. all the niches are decorated with floating sculptures of the eight spanisions of the heavenly dragon. their faces are hideous but not ugly. they show mens body-building, dignity, integrity, bravery and perseverance. cave 5, next to the upper seven buddha pavilion, is called niuer hall. in front of the door of the middle niche, there is a buddha standing on a lying calf. this ox is very moving: round eyes, looking at the preface playfully, feet curling, but it seems to jump up, and the skin hanging from the loose neck, also seems to be moving. not only does the body shape and posture have the characteristics of a cow, but the most outstanding thing is to show the childishness and liveliness of a calf, which is very popular among local farmers, and is called “niuwa with golden hooves and silver horns”. at the west end of niuertang, there is a 10 meter long tunnel which can accommodate one person. on the top of the tunnel, there are four words: “little cave”. it is said that on the eighth day of the fourth month of the ming dynasty, a state official in qinzhou visited maiji mountain temple fair. on the spur of the moment, he wanted to wander from the ferry chain of the seven buddha pavilion to niuer hall with the posture of turning over with a kite. but when he stood firmly in niuer hall and looked down, he saw that the cliff was steep and the people in the valley were like ants. suddenly, he felt dizzy, his legs were soft and trembling, and he did not dare to step any more. the yamen servants had to invite a group of stonemasons to dig a small hole. only then did the state official climb over from the hole. up to now, there is still a saying that “the kite turns over and the cow hall” in the local area.

among the caves in xiya, caves 133 and 127 are the largest. stele cave is the most special cave in maiji mountain. in the cave, there are not only many clay sculptures, but also 18 stone tablets, some of which are covered with thousands of buddha statues, so they are also called “ten thousand buddha hall”. among them, no. 10, no. 11 and no. 16 are the essence of numerous tablets. cave 127 is even more splendid. most of the murals on the four walls and caisson are preserved. the style of the later wei dynasty is elegant and vertical. draw a picture of buddhas sayings in chinese, and listen to it by thousands of riders. there are 12 tigers in western painting, which have different shapes and can be called excellent. in particular, a stone buddha in the niche is the most wonderful. in the back light of the stone buddha, there are 12 instruments playing in the upper part. there are eight flying apsaras in the lower part. there are two waiters on the left and right, small but with different manners. in the scroll lotus, there is also a small buddha head. sitting in the middle of the buddha, raising the palm to sit, showing the kindness and joy of the saying. this statue, not to mention in maiji mountain, is a rare treasure in the world buddhist art.

there are also several attractive scenic spots around maiji mountain. for example, the diao chao valley under the three fan cliff of the back cliff of maiji mountain is a refuge palace in tianshui at the end of the western han dynasty. at that time, the summer palace was dotted with pavilions and pavilions, connected with winding corridors, green glazed tiles, red walls and golden dragons, three eaves and four clusters of carved phoenixes, flower shadows, green bamboo dancing, silver pearls splashing. with the passage of time, the resplendent summer palace has long been extinct. only the waterfall, ancient cypress and pine, rocks and strange rocks, flowers and herbs, rare birds and animals about 40 meters high under the three cliffs still exist, making up a charming natural landscape.

in 1982, maiji mountain, in the name of maiji mountain scenic spot in gansu province, was approved by the state council as one of the first batch of national scenic spots.

grotto culture

maijishan grottoes retain a large number of religious, artistic and architectural materials, which enrich the ancient chinese cultural history.

1、 religion

it mainly reflects three buddhas, seven buddhas, western pure land and so on. it is an important form of buddhist literature to reflect the story of buddhas birth and biography from frescoes and carved stone tablets, such as? tzus birth, prince sakunas sacrifice to feed the tiger, nirvana and so on. through the sculpture of buddha, bodhisattva and flying apsaras, it reflects the spiritual enlightenment of buddhism to the real world.

2、 art

it truly reflects the artists infinite yearning and aesthetic orientation for a better life at that time. the statues of the northern wei dynasty are beautiful and handsome, with a wise smile, implying contempt for the reality of terror, oblivion of the honor and disgrace of life and detachment from the secular world; the statues of the western wei dynasty and the northern zhou dynasty are gentle and honest, indulging in the pursuit of real life and yearning for the buddhist world; the statues of the sui and tang dynasties are abundant

it is full of delicacy; the clothing patterns of the statues in the song dynasty are realistic and solemn. maijishan art is good at clay sculpture. the artists abandoned the previous meticulous details, and raised the appeal to the height of commanding everything, with a moving look and a rich flavor of life. from the statues of different times in maiji mountain, we can see that the artists at that time broke through the buddhist rules and regulations, and created religious figures with rich flavor of life, such as buddha, bodhisattva, disciple, and supporter, by taking real life figures as the main material and exaggerating, imagining, summarizing and refining the art. the buddhists whispering in cave 121 and the virgins and virgins in cave 123 show not the piety of the ascetics, but the childish sincerity and pleasure under the influence of the ideological trend of the times. therefore, influenced by the local social environment, maijishan statues show the local people and feelings, make the buddhist statues seem to be familiar in life, and make people feel the amiability and loveliness of the buddhist world, so as to be faithful.

maijishan grottoes used to be “with niches are all buddhas, no walls do not fly”, but because of the rainy and humid, most of the murals peeled off, but still retain the western pure land change, nirvana change, hell change and bensheng stories of the northern dynasty, such as? tzu bensheng, sajina prince sacrificing his life to feed the tiger, and so on. the cities, temples, cars and clothes depicted in the murals have the characteristics of han culture, reflecting the reality of this period life. feitian, in particular, is more colorful and distinctive, with clay sculpture, sculpture, painting and thin meat sculpture. although the hometown of feitian is in india, the feitian in maiji mountain is the artistic crystallization of chinese and foreign cultures, and is the fusion of indian buddhist heaven and chinese taoist immortals. she has no wings and no feathers. she is a beautiful girl flying in the air with the help of clouds instead of clouds. she is the most talented masterpiece of ancient chinese artists. at the same time, dance and musical instruments are also reflected in murals and sculptures, which provides valuable information for the study of ancient chinese music.

3、 architectural art

maijishan grottoes are built on the precipice. the grottoes are as dense as beehives, and the trestle road is as high as flying in the air. they are stacked layer upon layer. their precipitousness is rare in the world, forming a magnificent three-dimensional architectural complex. its wooden hall style stone cliff pavilion is unique and magnificent. most of the caves are of buddhist temple style without central pillar, with obvious local characteristics.

maijishan grottoes in the most magnificent, the most magnificent building is the fourth cave on the seven niches, also known as the “sanhualou”, located above the dongya buddha, about 80 meters above the ground, for seven eight column veranda structure, about 9 meters high, 30 meters wide, eight meters deep, spanided into two parts of the front gallery and back room. the column is a big column with eight edges, covered with lotus petal shaped column base, and all the building components are exquisitely carved, which reflects the maturity of the construction technology in the northern zhou dynasty. the back room is made up of seven four corner bunchy tent shaped niches. the curtain is overlapped layer by layer. the columns, beams and other building components in the niches are shown in relief. therefore, the fourth cave of maiji mountain is the largest cave in china, which imitates the traditional chinese architecture. it is an important material to study the wooden architecture of the northern dynasties. it truly shows the external and internal features of the buddhist hall which has been sinicized in the late northern and southern dynasties. it is of great significance in the development history of the grottoes. cave 121:

position:

the upper west end of xiya.

time:

in the late northern wei dynasty, it was rebuilt in song dynasty.

cave shape:

fu dou caijing square cave. the cave is meters high, meters wide and meters deep.

statues:

each of the three niches has a buddha. inside the niche, two men of strength are moulded on both sides of the middle door on the left and right walls. the upper part of the buddha was remodeled in the song dynasty. the lower part of the buddhas body was draped in three petals in front of the seat. the first part of the buddha sat down on the square platform. the disciples wore cassock and skirt. left disciple tower spiral bun. bodhisattvas wear broad ribbon cassock. the bodhisattva and his disciples are closely related. with a smile on their face, they clap their hands in front of their chest. it seems that they are whispering and talking with each other. they are just like a pair of brothers and sisters in real life. they are full of youthful vitality and moving emotions, making people feel natural and kind. the head of lishi was rebuilt in song dynasty. zuo lishi was wearing a skirt, a scarf round and crossed on his abdomen, a vajra pole in his left hand, a wind belt in his right hand, a wide sleeve jacket in his right hand, a long skirt and a vertical hand. he was wearing body armor. he was strong and powerful, with a kind of awe inspiring spirit. this cave is one of the most important representative caves in the late northern wei dynasty.

murals: buddha, bodhisattva painted backlight, xiang guang. most of the murals in the caisson are exfoliated and blackened by smoke. only the flying ribbon is faintly visible.

麦积山石窟导游词讲解【第二篇】

dear tourists

hello everyone!

im very glad to be here with friends from all over the world. im pan, the tour guide of this trip. i hope we can have a good time.

maiji mountain, about 50 kilometers southeast of tianshui, gansu province, is an isolated peak in xiaolong mountain of qinling mountains in china. the total area of the scenic spot is 215 square kilometers, including maiji mountain, xianren cliff, shimen, quxi four scenic spots and jieting ancient town. maijishan grottoes is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a world-famous art treasure house. the difficulty and wisdom of digging hundreds of caves and buddha statues on the cliff is very rare in chinas grottoes. come down, lets go and have a look.

after entering the scenic area, what does maiji mountain look like now? yes, it looks like a wheat stack. maiji mountain is a typical danxia landform with a height of 80 meters. there are more than 7200 statues and murals from more than ten dynasties, including the later qin dynasty, the western qin dynasty, the northern wei dynasty, the western wei dynasty, the northern zhou dynasty, the sui and tang dynasties, the five dynasties, the song dynasty, the yuan dynasty, the ming dynasty and the qing dynasty. they are distributed in 194 caves with an area of more than 1300 square meters. they are known as the four major caves in china, together with dunhuang mogao grottoes, datong yungang grottoes and luoyang longmen grottoes. in terms of artistic features, dunhuang focuses on gorgeous murals, yungang and longmen are famous for their magnificent stone carvings, while maiji mountain is famous for its exquisite statues. as our sculptor liu kaiqu praised: maijishan is ”a large sculpture museum in chinese history.“

when you step into the plank road, you must pay attention to safety. now you can see a group of carved statues chiseled by the cliff. there is a buddha in the middle, which is 15 meters high. there are two bodhisattvas standing in front of them, smiling and welcoming the tourists. this is also the largest buddha statue in maiji mountain. now what you can see is the most magnificent seven buddha pavilion in cave 4. there are 42 statues of bodhisattvas in the seven niches, which are solemn and amiable, gorgeous and not vulgar.

now you come to xiya grottoes, the largest of which are caves 133 and 127. stele cave is the most special cave in maiji mountain. in the cave, there are not only many clay sculptures, but also 18 stone tablets, some of which are covered with thousands of buddha statues, so they are also called ”ten thousand buddha hall“. among them, no. 10, no. 11 and no. 16 are the essence of numerous tablets. cave 127 is even more wonderful. this statue, not to mention maiji mountain, is a rare treasure in the world buddhist art.

lets enjoy the main scenic area of maiji mountain first. thank you again for your support for xiaopans work! welcome to gansu and maiji mountain again!

thank you!

麦积山石窟导游词讲解【第三篇】

hello, everyone! its a pleasure to be here with friends from all over the world.

first. on behalf of the travel agency, please allow me to express my heartfelt thanks and warm welcome to all of you. there is a saying that is well said: looking back hundreds of times in the past life can only lead to a brush in this life. maybe its a fate to get together. since we are destined, lets get to know each other. next to me is master lin, the driver. he has rich driving experience and is escorted by him you can give us two hearts, one is “rest assured” to our escort ambassador, master lin, and the other is “happy”. please give it to me. im your guide this time you can call me xiao guo, guo dao and xiao dao, whatever you like!

in fact, tourism is a very happy thing. travel doesnt have to care about its purpose. it only needs to care about the scenery along the way and the mood when seeing the scenery. so i hope the good mountains and good water in lanzhou can bring you a good mood. so during the whole journey, if you need any help, please feel free to come to me. i will try my best to serve you. at the same time, i hope my work can be successful with your support and cooperation, i wish you have a good time in lanzhou! i hope this trip is just like my name. i warmly welcome you to come, and then have fun, eat and enjoy in a word, i hope you have a good time. thank you

maiji mountain is located about 45 kilometers southeast of tianshui city, gansu province. it is a strange peak in xiaolong mountain at the western end of qinling mountains in china. it is only 142 meters high, but the shape of the mountain is peculiar. the isolated peak rises like a wheat pile, so people call it maiji mountain. to the southwest of the mountain is a precipice, on which the grottoes are cut. some of them are 20 or 30 meters away from the base of the mountain, while others are 70 or 80 meters away. hundreds of caves and buddha statues excavated on such a steep cliff are rare in chinas grottoes.

the scenery around maiji mountain is beautiful. the mountains are densely covered with cypresses, pines, wild flowers and grass. climbing to the top of the mountain, you can see green hills all around you. you can see thousands of mountains and valleys, mountains and peaks, pine trees like the sea, clouds and mist, and the distant scenery is intertwined, forming a beautiful picture. this picture is known as “maiji misty rain” which is the first of the eight scenic spots in tianshui. among the famous grottoes in china, maiji mountain is the best natural scenery.

maijishan grottoes is a national key cultural relic protection unit. it was built in 384 ad. after more than ten dynasties of continuous excavation and renovation, it has become one of the famous large-scale grottoes in china and a world-famous art treasure house. there are 194 caves, including more than 7200 clay sculptures and stone carvings from the 4th century to the 19th century, and more than 1300 square meters of murals. the maijishan grottoes are located in an extremely dangerous position. most of them are built on cliffs. all the grottoes are accessible by the aerial trestle road erected on the cliff surface. visitors cant help but thrill when they climb these winding trestle roads. the ancients once praised these projects: “between the cliffs, carved stone into buddha, thousands of niches and caves.”. broken from the human force, suspected to be a miracle. “ there is also a saying among the people nearby that ”after cutting the firewood in nanshan mountain, build the maiji cliff“ and ”first there is ten thousand zhang firewood, then there is maiji cliff“. it can be seen that the construction of the trestle road was arduous and grand.

maijishan grottoes art is famous for its exquisite clay sculpture art at home and abroad. historian fan wenlan once praised maijishan as ”a large exhibition hall for displaying statues“. if dunhuang is a large mural museum, maiji mountain is a large sculpture museum. the statues here are more than 15 meters high and only 20 centimeters small, reflecting the characteristics of statues of different ages in the past thousand years and systematically reflecting the development and evolution of clay sculpture art in china. the clay sculptures here can be roughly spanided into four types: high floating sculptures protruding from the wall, round sculptures completely away from the wall, moulded shadow sculptures and wall sculptures pasted on the wall. among them, thousands of life size round sculptures are regarded as treasures because they are full of life interest.

the statue of maijishan has two obvious characteristics: strong national consciousness and secularization. except for the early works, from the northern wei dynasty, almost all of the buddha statues have the posture of looking down, with amiable faces. although they are gods in heaven, they are like secular people, becoming the embodiment of peoples good wishes. from the shape and clothing of the statue, it is gradually getting rid of the influence of foreign art, reflecting the characteristics of the han nationality.

many caves in maiji mountain have been built into a unique ”cliff pavilion“. the seven buddha pavilion, 15 meters above the head of the clay buddha on dongya, is a typical han style cliff pavilion in china. it was built on a cliff 50 meters above the ground and was excavated in the middle of the 6th century. although maijishan grottoes are mainly clay sculptures, there are also a certain number of stone carvings and murals. maijishan grottoes have been listed as a key cultural relic protection unit of the state. more than 1300 meters of elevated plank road have been newly erected and restored, so that visitors can successfully access all the grottoes. the largest statue in maijishan grottoes is 16 meters, and the smallest one is only more than 10 centimeters. the statue in cave 44 is called ”venus of the east“ by the japanese. the clothes of the statues in caves 78 and 128 of the western qin dynasty are carefully painted. the statues on the seven buddha pavilion, which is more than 70 meters high, are beautiful. the frescoes on the top of the corridor are exquisite. the pictures of cars, horses and pedestrians on the top of the west end are not the same no matter from which point of view, which can be called the classic composition of frescoes in china.

麦积山石窟导游词讲解【第四篇】

facing the autumn wind, stepping on the grass. our whole family went to tianshui for a tour. in this trip to tianshui, the most impressive tourist attraction is the famous “maiji mountain grottoes”.

after more than four hours journey, we arrived at tianshui city. after staying in the hotel and having lunch, we rushed to the first tourist destination, maijishan grottoes.

“its a coincidence that it was sunny just now, but now its drizzling. oh, how to play when it rains! ”i murmured. “youre wrong,” my father said. “maiji misty rain is a wonderful sight in maiji mountain, which i cant touch.” after hearing this, my eyes lit up and i was looking forward to seeing it earlier.

at the foot of maiji mountain, fresh air came. from a distance, the mountain looks like a farmers wheat pile. the fog formed by rain surrounds the top of the mountain. the hazy scene brings a mysterious atmosphere, just like a fairyland.

with the fresh air and the smell of grass, we walked to the maijishan grottoes.

according to the guide, maijishan grottoes were first excavated in the late qin dynasty of the sixteen kingdoms. after more than ten dynasties, they were excavated and rebuilt. it has a history of about 1600 years. it is one of the four largest grottoes in china. there are 194 caves with more than 7200 statues of different sizes. they are spanided into three categories: clay sculpture, stone sculpture and stone stele. clay sculpture is the main one, and it is known as “oriental sculpture exhibition hall”. deep national tradition, distinct secularization and strong interest in life are the prominent features of maijishan grottoes.

listening to the guides explanation, we reached the top of the mountain unconsciously. looking at lifelike statues, i seem to see our ancestors on this steep mountain, using their wisdom to create this magical statue. some of them are carving, some are coloring, some are fixing in short, they are industrious everywhere.

among so many statues, i admire two. the first is the sculpture of the “three saints of the west” on the shandong side. the amituo buddha in the middle is 13 meters long, majestic and has both spirit and shape. the eyes made of glass beads are bright and bright, and the folds on the clothes are meticulous. because hair and other materials are added when mixing with mud, the buddha statue looks smooth and delicate, just like the real one. the second is called “oriental smile”. his eyes are slightly closed, his mouth is up and his head is slightly down, showing the loveliness and implicitness of oriental people. its very likable.

after the tour of maiji mountain, i feel very much that our ancestors, using their wisdom, diligence and perseverance, left such a proud cultural relic for future generations. as the descendants of the dragon, we should carry forward the industrious, simple and persistent spirit of our ancestors to make our motherland more prosperous.

麦积山石窟导游词讲解【第五篇】

the climate of tianshui is suitable for the survival of mankind. that makes it become a cradle of the chinese nation. as we know, fuxi and nuwa who are the chinese ancestors lived here. they created the early period of chinese culture. for the suitable climate, there are many wonderful attractions. this time we will go to maiji mountain, and visit maiji mountain grottoes.

maiji mountain is located 50 km far from tianshui just to the south of maiji village. it is only 142 meters above the ground, but the altitude of about 2,000 meters above the sea level. it is a single and distinct peak of the xiaolong mountain of western qinling range. since it looks like a huge wheat straw pile from afar, it is called maiji mountain (the wheat straw pile mountain). the flouring various plants with clouds wrapping them in a blanket of mist create one of nature’s most majestic sights. in the late of the western hang dynasty, it became the palace of kui xiao (隗嚣) who is a famous general of tianshui. the maiji mountain scenic area was listed as a famous resort under the state protection by the state council in 1982. and maiji mountain grottoes are the most important area of it, which rank the second in the four well-known grottoes in gansu province. (the four well-known grottoes are mogao grottoes, maiji mountain grottoes, bingling temple grottoes and mati temple grottoes.)

the grottoes of maiji mountain are caved in the cliffs, which are in rows 20 to 30 meters or 70 to 80 meters above the foot of mountain. that makes them look like a huge honeycomb in the distance. the wide of those grottoes which are linked by some dangerous ways is from 3 meters to about 1 meter.

maiji mountain grottoes were first dug in the qin dynasty of the sixteen states period (about 384 to 417 ad). and the grottoes were cut and repaired in the successive dynasties of the northern wei dynasty, the western wei dynasty, the northern zhou dynasty, the sui dynasty, the tang dynasty, the five dynasties, the song dynasty, the yuan dynasty, the ming dynasty and the qing dynasty. an earthquake which occurred in tianshui during the tang dynasty (734 ad) resulted in collapse of the cliff, and the grottoes were subsequently spanided into tow sections: the eastern and the western with 54 and 140 grottoes respectively, which were called the eastern pavilion and the western pavilion during the five dynasties.

in the eastern, there is the thousands of buddhism corridor, the throwing flowers building, the upper seven-buddhism pavilion, and the middle seven-buddhism pavilion, and so on. in the western, there are 3 grottoes which are the most famous. in them, the biggest is the thousands of buddhism pavilion, the second is the heavenly cave, and the smallest is the cave , which were all cut in 6 ad.

there is a legend associated with the throwing flowers building. it is said that sakyamuni appeared here to preach. during the first time, there were tens of thousands of disciples in the valley which was under the

throwing flowers building. in order to know whether all of them understand the buddhist thoughts and tenets, the 28 flying aspara threw different kinds of petals to them. if the disciples understood, the petals would not fall, but fall; if not, the petals would fall. it was surprised that all of the petals rose. now you can throw some pieces of paper, you will find the pieces rise. do you know why? because there is an air current which can make some light things rise.

though maiji mountain grottoes are suffered many earthquakes and fires, now there are 194 grottoes, more than 7,200 statues and over 1,300 square meters murals. as the stone of maiji mountain is unfit for caving, most statues are clay sculptures, but they are quite exquisite. the sculptures are mainly images of buddha and his disciples, bodhisattvas, the heavenly kings and vajras. it is surprised that the sculptures have been preserved well, even though the climate is wet in maiji mountain.

like the earliest sculpture of mogao grottoes, the grottoes of maiji mountain were obviously influenced by the indian style in 30 caves during the northern wei dynasty, the western wei dynasty and the northern zhou dynasty. by the time of the song dynasty, the style was changed greatly due to mixing the indian culture and the central chinese culture. the sculptures wear spanerse countenance looking vivid. and the dress of them is soft and natural. in the late period, the style was continuously improved on the basis of the chinese current culture. so the sculptures are more vivid than before and full of the interest of worldly life. however, since the northern wei dynasty, almost the sculptures bowed their heads, as if they were looking this world. they are the gods, but they look like the human beings.

the grottoes of maiji mountain are of high values for the study on politic, economy and culture in ancient china, even though they are the buddhist arts. the grottoes embody the chinese national tradition and consciousness, and also have the characteristic of making the form show the spirit. especially the sculptures of the sui and tang dynasty are full and rounded, and in the song dynasty, they are thin, delicate and pretty. maiji mountain grottoes reflect the evolution of the clay sculptures art in china. they are referred to as “the treasure houses of oriental sculptures”.